ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021
CD4
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
140citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
15.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 212 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of NLRP3 Pathway, Immune Dysregulation, and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Pooled it
- A bibliometric analysis of the immune system and cognitive impairment: trends from 1985 to 2024.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Single-cell transcriptome landscape of circulating CD4Cell genomics · 2024Pooled it
- Peripheral Immune Alterations and T Cell Clonal Dynamics Across the Parkinson's Disease Spectrum.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Convergent Astrocytic Failure in Parkinson's Disease: A System-Level Model of Pathogenesis and Treatment.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Neonatal small extracellular vesicle-loaded GelNB hydrogel reprograms the vascular-immune microenvironment for spinal cord injury repair.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Review
- Sex-aware causal inference assessment of the immune system in complex neurodegenerative diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Neuronal titration of Snca via enhancer disruption mitigates disease onset in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- Blood-based immunophenotyping of T cell profiles in patients with neurodegenerative disorders.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell · 2026Review
- Adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Optics-free spatial genomics for mapping mammalian brain aging by IRISeq.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- DYRK1A and Parkinson's disease, facts and hypotheses.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Review
- M2 macrophage-derived exosomes delivering haptoglobin and interleukin-10 plasmids for synergistic therapy of intracerebral hemorrhage.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Article
- Pharmacological modulation of CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 for brain disorders - an overview.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Type I interferon drives T cell responses to amyloid beta in the central nervous system.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Immune signaling and function in neurodegeneration.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
David GateDepartment of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0481-9657
Emma TappDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7900-5645
Olivia LeventhalDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6371-9464
Marian ShahidDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8515-3238
Tim J NonningerDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Andrew C YangDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6756-4746
Katharina StrempflInstitute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Michael S UngerInstitute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-8677-0983
Tobias FehlmannChair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1967-2918
Hamilton OhDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8192-7593
Divya ChannappaDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Victor W HendersonDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1198-9240
Andreas KellerDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ludwig AignerInstitute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Douglas R GalaskoDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6195-3241
Mark M DavisDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6868-657X
Kathleen L PostonDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3424-7143
Tony Wyss-CorayDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5893-0831
Neurosciences Institute · USStanford University · USParacelsus Medical University · ATSaarland University · DEHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USNorthwestern University · USUniversity of California San Diego · US
Funding
Using a tonsil organoid system to probe conditions for the induction of protective antibody and T cell responses to influenza.U19AI057229 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Mark Morris Davis · 2003 to 2026
$88.5MStanford Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterAdmin Supp: Developing iPSC models for AD and PDP30AG066515 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ELIZABETH MORMINO · 2020 to 2026
$29.0MUdall Center Director's meeting poster awardP50NS062684 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MONTINE, THOMAS J · 2009 to 2020
$18.3MProject 4: Novel reagent development to enable molecular characterizationU19AG065156 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HOOFNAGLE, ANDREW N · 2020 to 2024
$15.9MWorking Memory in Parkinson Disease: A Cognitive & Systems Neuroscience ApproachP50AG047366 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GREICIUS, MICHAEL D · 2015 to 2019
$7.9MThe impact of early Tau pathology on cognitive progression and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's diseaseR01NS115114 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ANDREASSON, KATRIN I., POSTON, KATHLEEN LOMBARD · 2019 to 2023
$4.2MCirculatory Rejuvenating Factors for the BrainR01AG045034 · NIA · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI WYSS-CORAY, TONY · 2013 to 2017
$1.4MA novel blood-CSF adaptive immune response in Alzheimer's diseaseR00NS112458 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI GATE, DAVID · 2022 to 2024
$740kA novel blood-CSF adaptive immune response in Alzheimer's diseaseK99NS112458 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GATE, DAVID · 2020 to 2021
$245kReversing epigenetic changes in aged microglia via young circulatory factorsF32AG055255 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GATE, DAVID · 2018 to 2019
$68kHoward Hughes Medical InstituteNIAID NIH HHS U19 AI057229NIA NIH HHS F32 AG055255NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066515NIA NIH HHS P50 AG047366NIA NIH HHS R01 AG045034NIA NIH HHS U19 AG065156NINDS NIH HHS K99 NS112458NINDS NIH HHS P50 NS062684NINDS NIH HHS R00 NS112458NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS115114
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that the adaptive immune system plays a role in Lewy body dementia (LBD). However, the mechanism regulating T cell brain homing in LBD is unknown. Here, we observed T cells adjacent to Lewy bodies and dopaminergic neurons in postmortem LBD brains. Single-cell RNA sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) identified up-regulated expression of
Indexed as
Nerve Degenerationalpha-SynucleinAnimalsBrainCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCerebrospinal FluidChemokine CXCL12FemaleHumansLewy Body DiseaseLymphocyte ActivationMaleMeningesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLReceptors, CXCR4alpha-SynucleinChemokine CXCL12CXCL12 protein, humanCXCR4 protein, humanReceptors, CXCR4
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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.