ArticleAdvances in radiation oncology
Long-Term Recovery of the Adaptive Immune System in Rhesus Macaques After Total Body Irradiation.
Article in Advances in radiation oncology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virus-specific memory CD4 T cells sustain long-term numerical and functional impairment following whole-body irradiation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Whole-body irradiation causes long-term impairments in the maintenance and function of naïve CD4 T cells specific for self- and non-self-antigens.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Reconstitution of thymopoiesis via implantation of cryopreserved cultured thymus tissue into athymic recipients.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- The Long-term Effects of Acute Total-Body Irradiation on Pre-irradiation Measles-vaccine-induced Immunological Memory.Radiation research · 2025Article
- The Wake Forest Nonhuman Primate Radiation Late Effects Cohort.Radiation research · 2025Article
- Postmortem Findings from the Wake Forest University Radiation Late Effects Cohort of Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta).Radiation research · 2025Article
- Whole-Thorax Irradiation Induces Persistent T Cell Clonal Dysregulation in Pediatric Rhesus Macaques.Radiation research · 2025Article
- Article
- Comprehensive Flow Cytometric, Immunohistologic, and Molecular Assessment of Thymus Function in Rhesus Macaques.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Proteomic analysis of plasma at the preterminal stage of rhesus nonhuman primates exposed to a lethal total-body dose of gamma-radiation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Systemic immune response to a CD40 agonist antibody in nonhuman primates.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- Radiation-induced multi-organ injury.International journal of radiation biology · 2024Article
- Resilience, aging, and response to radiation exposure (RARRE) in nonhuman primates: a resource review.GeroScience · 2023Review
- Long-Term Immunological Consequences of Radiation Exposure in a Diverse Cohort of Rhesus Macaques.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2023Article
- Beyond lymphopenia, unraveling radiation-induced leucocyte subpopulation kinetics and mechanisms through modeling approaches.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Review
- Gamma-Tocotrienol Modulates Total-Body Irradiation-Induced Hematopoietic Injury in a Nonhuman Primate Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Age effects on radiation response: summary of a recent symposium and future perspectives.International journal of radiation biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIonizing radiation causes acute damage to hematopoietic and immune cells, but the long-term immunologic consequences of irradiation are poorly understood. We therefore performed a prospective study of the delayed immune effects of radiation using a rhesus macaque model. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ten macaques received 4 Gy high-energy x-ray total body irradiation (TBI) and 6 control animals received sham irradiation. TBI caused transient lymphopenia that resolved over several weeks. Once white blood cell counts recovered, flow cytometry was used to immunophenotype the circulating adaptive immune cell populations 4, 9, and 21 months after TBI. Data were fit using a mixed-effects model to determine age-dependent, radiation-dependent, and interacting effects. T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing and quantification of TCR Excision Circles were used to determine relative contributions of thymopoiesis and peripheral expansion to T cell repopulation. Two years after TBI, the cohort was vaccinated with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and a tetravalent influenza hemagglutinin vaccine.
resultsAging, but not TBI, led to significant changes in the frequencies of dendritic cells, CD4 and CD8 T cells, and B cells. However, irradiated animals exhibited increased frequencies of central memory T cells and decreased frequencies of naïve T cells. These consequences of irradiation were time-dependent and more prolonged in the CD8 T cell population. Irradiation led to transient increases in CD8+ T cell TCR Excision Circles and had no significant effect on TCR sequence entropy, indicating T cell recovery was partially mediated by thymopoiesis. Animals that were irradiated and then vaccinated showed normal immunoglobulin G binding and influenza neutralization titers in response to the 4 protein antigens but weaker immunoglobulin G binding titers to 10 of the 23 polysaccharide antigens.
conclusionsThese findings indicate that TBI causes subtle but long-lasting immune defects that are evident years after recovery from lymphopenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.