ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021
Short-term Mortality Outcomes of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naïve and -Experienced Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Guideline
- Characteristics of Mortality in HIV-negative Cryptococcosis Patients: Analysis of a Cohort of 743 Patients.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Hospitalization Free-Survival, Adverse Drug Reactions, and Retention in Care Outcomes of an Outpatient Treatment Model for Cryptococcal Meningitis in PLWH in Maputo, Mozambique.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Recent Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Is Associated With Increased Mortality Risk in HIV-associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: An Analysis of Clinical Trial Data From Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Cryptococcal meningitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Divergent neuroimmune signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid predict differential gender-specific survival among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Sterile Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture at Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnosis Is Associated with High Mortality.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Outcomes of flucytosine-containing combination treatment for cryptococcal meningitis in a South African national access programme: a cross-sectional observational study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Observational
- Fungal CNS Infections in Africa: The Neuroimmunology of Cryptococcal Meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn increasing proportion of patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis have received antiretroviral therapy (ART) before presentation. There is some evidence suggesting an increased 2-week mortality in those receiving ART for <14 days compared with those on ART for >14 days. However, presentation and outcomes for cryptococcal meningitis patients who have recently initiated ART, and those with virologic failure and/or nonadherence, are not well described.
methodsSix hundred seventy-eight adults with a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis recruited into a randomized, noninferiority, multicenter phase 3 trial in 4 Sub-Saharan countries were analyzed to compare clinical presentation and 2- and 10-week mortality outcomes between ART-naïve and -experienced patients and between patients receiving ART for varying durations before presentation.
resultsOver half (56%; 381/678) the study participants diagnosed with a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis were ART-experienced. All-cause mortality was similar at 2 weeks (17% vs 20%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.6-1.2;
conclusionsIn this study, there were no significant differences in mortality at 2 and 10 weeks between ART-naïve and -experienced patients and between ART-experienced patients according to duration on ART.
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