ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Potential Therapeutic Applications of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids in the Host Defence Against Respiratory Viral Infections.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and metabolomic analysis of the pneumonia compound formulation against community-acquired pneumonia: an observational controlled before-after clinical trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Biosurfactant-Based Interventions for Improving Lung Function and Controlling Inflammation.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Live AirwayEnvironment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Multiscale metabolic mapping of lung tissue via coregistered mass spectrometry and nonlinear optical imaging.Science advances · 2026Article
- Cytoplasmic abundant heat-soluble proteins from tardigrades protect synthetic cells under stress.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lipidomics Reveals Circulating Lipid Biomarkers for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery for Infectious Diseases: Cutting-Edge Formulations and Manufacturing Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Disease Heterogeneity to Precision Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Alveolar Epithelial Cell Dysfunction in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Mechanistic Insights and Targeted Interventions.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Review
- A multimodal imaging approach for imaging the metabolic changes resulting from bronchopulmonary dysplasia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Linking Lipid Metabolism and Immune Function: New Insights into Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Lung surfactant reducesMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Case report: refractory atelectasis after infection of adenovirus and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae in an immunocompetent patient.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Lung Surfactant Deficiency in Severe Respiratory Failure: A Potential Biomarker for Clinical Assessment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Myo-Inositol in Managing Patients with Respiratory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- TLR2 Activation as a Marker of Severe COVID-19 and a Potential Therapeutic Target.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Tissue specific role of ABCA1 in lung cholesterol homeostasis under high-cholesterol diet.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Palmitoyl-carnitine Regulates Lung Development by Promoting Pulmonary Mesenchyme Proliferation.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a complex and highly surface-active material. It covers the alveolar epithelium and consists of 90% lipids and 10% proteins. Pulmonary surfactant lipids together with pulmonary surfactant proteins facilitate breathing by reducing surface tension of the air-water interface within the lungs, thereby preventing alveolar collapse and the mechanical work required to breathe. Moreover, pulmonary surfactant lipids, such as phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol, and pulmonary surfactant proteins, such as surfactant protein A and D, participate in the pulmonary host defense and modify immune responses. Emerging data have shown that pulmonary surfactant lipids modulate the inflammatory response and antiviral effects in some respiratory viral infections, and pulmonary surfactant lipids have shown promise for therapeutic applications in some respiratory viral infections. Here, we briefly review the composition, antiviral properties, and potential therapeutic applications of pulmonary surfactant lipids in respiratory viral infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.