Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34645909›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Targeted clearance of senescent cells using an antibody-drug conjugate against a specific membrane marker.

Marta Poblocka, Akang Leonard Bassey, Victoria M Smith, Marta Falcicchio, Ana Sousa Manso, Mohammad Althubiti, XiaoBo Sheng, Andrew Kyle, Ruth Barber, Mark Frigerio and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Chronic Kidney Disease and Cellular Senescence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  8. Engineering Immune Cell to Counteract Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Aging and immunity: the age-old tango.Genes & development · 2025
    Review

30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Marta PoblockaMechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
Akang Leonard BasseyMechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
Victoria M SmithThe Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Marta FalcicchioLeicester Institute for Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Ana Sousa MansoLeicester Drug Discovery and Diagnostics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Mohammad AlthubitiMechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
XiaoBo ShengAbzena, Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK.
Andrew KyleAbzena, Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK.
Ruth BarberLeicester Drug Discovery and Diagnostics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Mark FrigerioAbzena, Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridge, UK.
Salvador MacipMechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK. sm460@le.ac.uk.
University of Leicester · GBAbzena (United Kingdom) · GBUmm al-Qura University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A wide range of diseases have been shown to be influenced by the accumulation of senescent cells, from fibrosis to diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's and other age-related pathologies. Consistent with this, clearance of senescent cells can prolong healthspan and lifespan in in vivo models. This provided a rationale for developing a new class of drugs, called senolytics, designed to selectively eliminate senescent cells in human tissues. The senolytics tested so far lack specificity and have significant off-target effects, suggesting that a targeted approach could be more clinically relevant. Here, we propose to use an extracellular epitope of B2M, a recently identified membrane marker of senescence, as a target for the specific delivery of toxic drugs into senescent cells. We show that an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) against B2M clears senescent cells by releasing duocarmycin into them, while an isotype control ADC was not toxic for these cells. This effect was dependent on p53 expression and therefore more evident in stress-induced senescence. Non-senescent cells were not affected by either antibody, confirming the specificity of the treatment. Our results provide a proof-of-principle assessment of a novel approach for the specific elimination of senescent cells using a second generation targeted senolytic against proteins of their surfaceome, which could have clinical applications in pathological ageing and associated diseases.

Indexed as

DuocarmycinsImmunoconjugatesSenotherapeuticsbeta 2-MicroglobulinCell LineCellular SenescenceGene Expression RegulationHumansTumor Suppressor Protein p53B2M protein, humanbeta 2-MicroglobulinDuocarmycinsImmunoconjugatesSenotherapeuticsTP53 protein, humanTumor Suppressor Protein p53

Identifiers

PMID34645909
PMCPMC8514501
OpenAlexW3207332839

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.