Observational studyScientific reports2021
Association of psychological variants with functional outcomes among people with spinal cord injury.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between surgical timing and neurological recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Evolving Global Burden of GBD-Defined Spinal Cord Lesions, 2014-2023: A Global Burden of Disease Analysis of the Geriatric Transition and Anatomical Distribution.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor ability, neurophysiological changes, mental health, and activities of daily living in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national trends in spinal fracture burden from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury: a comparative study of anxiety or depression incidence between 2000 and 2009 and 2010-2019.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Three Decades of Spinal Cord Injury in Saudi Arabia: Trends in Incidence, Prevalence, and Disability Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Olfactory mucosal mesenchymal stem cells delivered by gelatin sponge scaffolds promote functional recovery of spinal cord injury.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- The Role of Psychological Variables in Predicting Rehabilitation Outcomes After Spinal Cord Injury: An Artificial Neural Networks Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Anxiety and Depression after Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Significance of physical factors on activities of daily living in patients with tetraplegia after spinal cord injury: a retrospective study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Association between functional outcomes and psychological variables in persons with spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Effects of psychological symptoms on life adjustment among survivors of humidifier disinfectants.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2023Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of spinal cord injury, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Article
- Experiences of spinal cord injury patients admitted to the rehabilitation unit at the national referral hospital in Khomas region, Namibia.African journal of disability · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of psychological variants, including fear, anxiety, and depression, with functional outcomes, including measures of functions and physical performance, among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). An observational study was conducted at the university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Thirty patients, including 19 males (63.33%) and 11 females (36.67%) with a history of traumatic SCI, aged 18-30 years, 1-3 years postinjury T2 and below, with motor complete paraplegia, permanent neurological loss, and the ability to rise from sitting and stand for at least one minute, were included in this study. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire-Physical Activity (FABQ-PA) were used to assess the psychological variants of participants. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) and Walking Index of Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI-II) were used to assess the functional outcomes. Psychological variants showed a strong negative correlation with functional outcomes (p < 0.05) among people with SCI. In addition, a significant difference was found between females and males with SCI for the scores of psychological variants and functional outcomes. Psychological variants, including fear, anxiety, and depression, were found to be strongly and negatively associated with functional outcomes, including measures of functions and physical performance, and were especially higher among females than males with SCI. Thus, a higher level of fear, anxiety, and depression results in a lower level of measures of functions and physical performance among people with SCI. Depression is the strongest factor that affects the functional outcomes most among people with SCI.
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Registered trials
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