ArticleBMC emergency medicine2021
Barriers and facilitators to cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services: a qualitative study.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Views and attitudes of healthcare professionals on do-not-attempt-cardiopulmonary-resuscitation in low-and-lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMC palliative care · 2025Pooled it
- Team dynamics, environmental safety, and emotional regulation in emergency department resuscitation: a qualitative study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Performance improvers in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: a qualitative study.BMC emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Barriers to the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation teams in emergency departments: A perspective from nurses.BMC emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Pre-hospital emergency: analyzing the status of medication and equipment in pre-hospital emergency bases.Journal of injury & violence research · 2025Article
- The relationship between self-confidence and attitude of emergency medical technicians towards family presence during resuscitation.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- The Interaction Effect of Age, Initial Rhythm, and Location on Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Lived experiences of Iranian prehospital emergency technicians in facing women's emergencies: a phenomenological study.BMC emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Critical care nurses' experiences of caring challenges during post-resuscitation period: a qualitative content analysis.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Navigating into the unknown: exploring the experience of exposure to prehospital emergency stressors: a sequential explanatory mixed-methods.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Investigating the role of predictive death anxiety in the job satisfaction of pre-hospital emergency personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Explore pre-hospital emergency challenges in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: A quality content analysis in the Iranian context.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Influence of Prehospital Emergency Care on Rescue Success Rate and Complication Rate of Senile Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOut-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest is a common and fatal problem. Rescuing patients with this problem by pre-hospital emergency medical services is associated with various barriers and facilitators. Identifying these barriers as well as the facilitators in a qualitative and an information-rich way will help to improve the quality of performing the maneuver and to increase the patients' survival. Therefore, the current study was qualitatively conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within the pre-hospital emergency medical services.
methodsThis qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach in Iran in 2021. The participants were 16 Iranian emergency medical technicians who were selected through a purposive sampling method. For data collection, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. For data analysis, the Elo and Kyngäs method was applied.
resultsThe mean participants' age was 33.06 ± 7.85 years, and their mean work experience was 10.62 ± 6.63 years. The collected information was categorized into one main category called "complex context of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation" and 5 general categories with 17 subcategories. These categories and subcategories include patient condition (patient's underlying diseases, age, high weight, number of children, and place of living), dominant atmosphere in companions at home (companions' feeling of agitation, companions doing harm, and companions helping), policy (educational policy, human resource policy, up-to-date equipment and technology, and do-not-resuscitate policy), performance of the out-of-organizational system (disorganization in the patient handover process, and cooperation of the support organizations), and conditions related to the treatment team (conscience, cultural dominance, and shift burden).
conclusionsThe results showed that the conditions related to the patient and his/her companions, as well as the organizational factors such as the policies and the out-of-organizational factors act as the barriers and the facilitators to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation within pre-hospital emergency medical services. Therefore, the barriers can be modified and the facilitators can be enhanced by taking various measures such as educating, human resource policy-making, upgrading the equipment, and considering appropriate management policies.
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