ArticleCancer research and treatment2022
Validation of Korean Version of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) Among Breast Cancer Survivors.
Article in Cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of financial toxicity measurement instruments for cancer patients based on the COSMIN guideline.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Pooled it
- Measures of financial toxicity in cancer survivors: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluation of financial toxicity and associated factors in female patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Financial toxicity on treatment outcomes in head & neck cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Unraveling the vicious cycle: longitudinal analysis between financial toxicity and symptom burden in women with breast cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer Information Grand Round for Survivorship (BIG-S) prospective cohort.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Associations of Financial Toxicity with Employment Concerns and Cancer-Related Distress: A Cross-Sectional Survey among Korean Working-Age Cancer Survivors.Cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Associations between financial toxicity, health-related quality of life, and well-being in Indonesian patients with breast cancer.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Factors associated with unmet supportive care needs among adult cancer survivors in South Korea: a cross-sectional survey.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Cross-Cultural Validation of the COmprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) Measure in an Australian Sample.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Severity of Financial Toxicity for Patients Receiving Palliative Radiation Therapy.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2024Review
- Financial Toxicity in Radiation Oncology: Impact for Our Patients and for Practicing Radiation Oncologists.Advances in radiation oncology · 2024Review
- Validation of the COmprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) in Vietnamese patients with cancer.PloS one · 2024Article
- Heterogeneity of financial toxicity and associated risk factors for older cancer survivors in China.iScience · 2023Article
- Association between financial toxicity and health-related quality of life of patients with gynecologic cancer.International journal of clinical oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeLittle is known about the impact of financial toxicity in disease-free breast cancer survivors. We aim to validate the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity in Korean (COST-K) and evaluate financial toxicity among disease-free breast cancer survivors. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted linguistic validation following a standardized methodology recommended by Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy multilingual translation (FACITtrans). For psychometric validation, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with 4,297 disease-free breast cancer survivors at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea between November 2018 and April 2019. Survivors were asked to complete the COST-K and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaires. The test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the COST-K were assessed using standard scale construction techniques.
resultsThe COST-K demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's α of 0.81. The test-retest analysis revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.78. The COST-K had moderate correlation (r=-0.60) with the financial difficulty item of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and week correlation with the items on acute and chronic symptom burdens (nausea/vomiting, -0.18; constipation, -0.14; diarrhea, -0.14), showing good convergent and divergent validity. The median COST-K was 27 (range, 0 to 44; mean±standard deivation [SD], 27.1±7.5) and about 30% and 5% of cancer survivors experienced mild and severe financial toxicity, respectively. Younger age, lower education, lower household income was associated with higher financial toxicity.
conclusionThe COST-K is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring financial toxicity in disease-free breast cancer survivors. Considering its impact on the health-related quality of life, more studies need to be conducted to evaluate financial toxicity in cancer survivors and design interventions.
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