ArticleJournal of traumatic stress2021
Material hardship is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among low-income Black women.
Article in Journal of traumatic stress, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Financial strain measures and associations with adult health: A systematic literature review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Pooled it
- Economic hardship and mental health following a national trauma and amid ongoing conflict: a longitudinal cohort study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- I can't believe you don't have a box for this: 'other' events and posttraumatic stress symptoms among women.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Experience of Intimate Partner Violence-Related Head Trauma and Its Association With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms Among Community Dwelling Women and Men.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
- Racialized Gender Stress and Mental Health Among Black Women: a Test of the Vance-wade Intersectional Suicide Risk Model with Longitudinal Data.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Advancing equity in healthcare systems: understanding implicit bias and infant mortality.BMC medical ethics · 2025Article
- Are we gatekeeping trauma? A conceptual model to expand criterion A for invisible, identity-based, and systemic traumas.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Review
- Black Women as Superwomen? The Mental Health Effects of Superwoman Schema, Socioeconomic Status, and Financial Strain.Social problems · 2025Article
- Trauma Burden Affected People with Multiple Sclerosis During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: evolving conceptualization and evidence, and future research directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Review
- Posttraumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among people living in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Development of the oppression-based traumatic stress inventory: a novel and intersectional approach to measuring traumatic stress.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Counting every cycle: Validating a measure of period product insecurity in the United States.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The link between socioeconomic status and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is well established. Given that Black women are disproportionately burdened by both poverty and PTSD symptoms, research focusing on these constructs among this population is needed. The current study assessed the association between material hardship (i.e., difficulty meeting basic needs) and PTSD symptoms among 227 low-income Black women in the United States. We explored several potential explanations for the association between poverty and PTSD symptoms (e.g., individuals living in poverty may experience higher levels of trauma exposure; individuals living in poverty may have less access to relevant protective resources, like social support; poverty itself may represent a traumatic stressor). Using robust negative binomial regression, a positive association between material hardship and PTSD symptoms emerged, B = 0.10, p = .009, SMD = 0.08. When trauma exposure was added to the model, it was positively associated with PTSD symptoms, B = 0.18, p < .001, SMD = 0.16, and material hardship remained positively associated with PTSD symptoms, B = 0.10, p =.019, SMD = 0.08. When social support indicators were added to the model, they were not associated with PTSD symptoms; however, material hardship remained significantly associated, B = 0.10, p = .021, SMD = 0.08. In the model with material hardship and trauma exposure, a significant interaction between material hardship and trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms emerged, B = -0.04, p = .027. These results demonstrate the importance of including material hardship in trauma research, assessment, and treatment.
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