SynthesisExperimental brain research2022
Non-invasive brain stimulation as therapy: systematic review and recommendations with a focus on the treatment of Tourette syndrome.
Synthesis in Experimental brain research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging therapeutic approaches for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders - a systematic review of current clinical trials.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- From urge to action: an integrative neuropsychological model of tic generation in Tourette syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploring Applications of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Neural Mechanisms of rTMS and Placebo Effects in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Evidence From fMRI Network Dynamics.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Transcranial Brain Stimulation for Neurodevelopmental Disorders : Neuromodulation and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Galen medical journal · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of 40-Session Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome: A 6-Month Follow-Up Case Report.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Multi-target combination treatment with rTMS and tDCS for Tourette syndrome: a case report.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Alterations in the topological organization of the default-mode network in Tourette syndrome.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- The Role of the Left Inferior Parietal Cortex in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-An rTMS Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Mapping a network for tics in Tourette syndrome using causal lesions and structural alterations.Brain communications · 2023Article
- Elevated representational similarity of voluntary action and inhibition in Tourette syndrome.Brain communications · 2023Article
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex beyond Motor Rehabilitation: A Review of the Current Evidence.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2021.F1000Research · 2022Review
- Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study on Efficacy, Feasibility, Safety, and Unexpected Outcomes in Tic Disorder and Epilepsy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by tics, which are stereotyped movements and/or vocalisations. Tics often cause difficulties in daily life and many with TS express a desire to reduce and/or gain control over them. No singular effective treatment exists for TS, and while pharmacological and behavioural interventions can be effective, the results are variable, and issues relating to access, availability and side effects can be barriers to treatment. Consequently, over the past decade, there has been increasing interest into the potential benefits of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) approaches. This systematic review highlights work exploring NIBS as a potential treatment for TS. On balance, the results tentatively suggest that multiple sessions of stimulation applied over the supplementary motor area (SMA) may help to reduce tics. However, a number of methodological and theoretical issues limit the strength of this conclusion, with the most problematic being the lack of large-scale sham-controlled studies. In this review, methodological and theoretical issues are discussed, unanswered questions highlighted and suggestions for future work put forward.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.