ArticleHuman brain mapping2021
Sex differences in acute and long-term brain recovery after concussion.
Article in Human brain mapping, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using neuroimaging to identify sex differences in adults with sports-related concussion: a systematic review.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- The second decade of DTI in TBI part 1: a systematic review of mild TBI.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Role of task-based functional MRI in the assessment of sports-related concussion: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- The Effect of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis: A Narrative Review.Journal of neurotrauma · 2026Review
- Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow in the Early Chronic Phase of Recurrent Concussion Among Female Collegiate-Aged Athletes.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Severity and Recovery Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Exploring Sex-Based Variations in Head Kinematics During Soccer Heading.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Consequences of adolescent sport-related concussion: exploring long-term cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Assessment of Sports Concussion in Female Athletes: A Role for Neuroinformatics?Neuroinformatics · 2024Review
- Missing School Days Following Sport-Related Concussion in High School Athletes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Preliminary Evidence of Intimate Partner Violence-Related Head Trauma among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults.Violence and gender · 2024Article
- Sex differences in the extent of acute axonal pathologies after experimental concussion.Acta neuropathologica · 2024Article
- Associations of prior concussion severity with brain microstructure using mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Selective head cooling in the acute phase of concussive injury: a neuroimaging study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Persistent white matter vulnerability in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury.BMC neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sex differences in acute and long-term brain recovery after concussion.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Oral Contraceptives, Concussion History, and Contact-Sport Exposure: Multimodal MRI and Brain Injury Biomarkers in Female Athletes.Neurotrauma reportsArticle
- Structural brain differences in professional Australian rules footballers following mild traumatic brain injury: When head size matters.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Concussion is associated with acute disturbances in brain function and behavior, with potential long-term effects on brain health. However, it is presently unclear whether there are sex differences in acute and long-term brain recovery. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to scan 61 participants with sport-related concussion (30 male, 31 female) longitudinally at acute injury, medical clearance to return to play (RTP), and 1-year post-RTP. A large cohort of 167 controls (80 male, 87 female) was also imaged. Each MRI session assessed cerebral blood flow (CBF), along with white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). For concussed athletes, the parameters were converted to difference scores relative to matched control subgroups, and partial least squares modeled the main and sex-specific effects of concussion. Although male and female athletes did not differ in acute symptoms or time to RTP , all MRI measures showed significant sex differences during recovery. Males had greater reductions in occipital-parietal CBF (mean difference and 95%CI: 9.97 ml/100 g/min, [4.84, 15.12] ml/100 g/min, z = 3.73) and increases in callosal MD (9.07 × 10
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.