SynthesisCardiology journal2022
Vitamin D supplementation to treat SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Evidence from meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Cardiology journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of the vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcomes and inflammatory status in COVID-19 patients: an umbrella review.BMC nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of supplementing vitamin D through different methods on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- The Vitamin D Serum Levels in Pregnant Women Affected by COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between 25(OH)D levels and clinical outcomes in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Vitamin D supplementations and mortality among patients with moderate/severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- The association between vitamin D intake with inflammatory and biochemical indices and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A case-control study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Self-Medication Including Antibiotics among Health Care Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Vitamin D3 and COVID-19 Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the vitamin D status of children: A cross-sectional study.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Vitamin D and COVID-19-Revisited.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Factors Modulating COVID-19: A Mechanistic Understanding Based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Impaired Vitamin D Metabolism in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Influence of Co-morbidities During SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Indian Population.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D is a likely candidate for treatment as its immune modulating characteristics have effects on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. It was sought herein, to summarize the studies published to date regarding the vitamin D supplementation to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive patients.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The primary outcome were 14-day and in-hospital mortality reported as an odds ratio (OR) with the associated 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsEight articles were included in the review with a combined total of 2,322 individual patients, 786 in the vitamin D supplementation group and 1,536 in the control group. The use of vitamin D compared to the group without vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower 14-day mortality (18.8% vs. 31.3%, respectively; OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.12-2.19; p = 0.36), a lower in-hospital mortality (5.6% vs. 16.1%; OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.23-1.37; I2 = 74%; p = 0.20), the rarer intensive care unit admission (6.4% vs. 23.4%; OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06-0.54; I2 = 77%; p = 0.002) as well as rarer mechanical ventilation (6.5% vs. 18.9%; OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.16-0.80; I2 = 0.48; p = 0.01).
conclusionsVitamin D supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients has the potential to positively impact patients with both mild and severe symptoms. As several high-quality randomized control studies have demonstrated a benefit in hospital mortality, vitamin D should be considered a supplemental therapy of strong interest. Should vitamin D prove to reduce hospitalization rates and symptoms outside of the hospital setting, the cost and benefit to global pandemic mitigation efforts would be substantial.
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Registered trials
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