Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34642695›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2021

Using sero-epidemiology to monitor disparities in vaccination and infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Isobel Routledge, Saki Takahashi, Adrienne Epstein, Jill Hakim, Owen Janson, Keirstinne Turcios, Jo Vinden, John Tomas Risos, Margaret Rose Baniqued, Lori Pham and 5 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Isobel RoutledgeDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Saki TakahashiDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Adrienne EpsteinDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jill HakimDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Owen JansonDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Keirstinne TurciosDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jo VindenDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
John Tomas RisosDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Margaret Rose BaniquedDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Lori PhamDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Clara Di GermanioVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.
Michael BuschDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Margot KushelCenter for Vulnerable Populations, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Bryan GreenhouseDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Isabel Rodríguez-BarraquerDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

MIDAS Coordination CenterU24GM132013 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HOCHHEISER, HARRY S · 2019 to 2023
$8.1M
Uncovering the dynamics of human pathogens using high throughput multiplexed serological toolsR35GM138361 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI RODRÍGUEZ-BARRAQUER, ISABEL · 2020 to 2024
$1.6M
Mentoring translational scientists in international infectious disease researchK24AI144048 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Bryan R Greenhouse · 2019 to 2026
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI144048NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138361NIGMS NIH HHS U24 GM132013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAs COVID-19 vaccines continue to be rolled-out, the "double burden" of health disparities in both exposure to infection and vaccination coverage intersect to determine the current and future patterns of infection, immunity, and mortality. Serology provides a unique opportunity to measure biomarkers of infection and vaccination simultaneously, and to relate these metrics to demographic and geographic factors.

methodsLeveraging algorithmically selected residual serum samples from two hospital networks in San Francisco, we sampled 1014 individuals during February 2021, capturing transmission during the first 11 months of the epidemic and the early roll out of vaccination. These samples were tested using two serologic assays: one detecting antibodies elicited by infection, and not by vaccines, and one detecting antibodies elicited by both infection and vaccination. We used Bayesian statistical models to estimate the proportion of the population that was naturally infected and the proportion protected due to vaccination.

findingsWe estimated that the risk of prior infection of Latinx residents was 5.3 (95% CI: 3.2 - 10.3) times greater than the risk of white residents aged 18-64 and that white San Francisco residents over the age of 65 were twice as likely (2.0, 95% CI: 1.1 - 4.6) to be vaccinated as Black residents. We also found socioeconomically deprived zipcodes in the city had high probabilities of natural infections and lower vaccination coverage than wealthier zipcodes.

interpretationUsing a platform we created for SARS-CoV-2 serologic data collection in San Francisco, we characterized and quantified the stark disparities in infection rates and vaccine coverage by demographic groups over the first year of the pandemic. While the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has created a 'light at the end of the tunnel' for this pandemic, ongoing challenges in achieving and maintaining equity must also be considered.

fundingNIH, NIGMS, Schmidt Science Fellows in partnership with the Rhodes Trust and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub.

Identifiers

PMID34642695
PMCPMC8509086

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.