ArticleNature communications2021
Shape-programmable liquid crystal elastomer structures with arbitrary three-dimensional director fields and geometries.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programming photoactuation by modulating the degree of charge-separation in DASA-based liquid crystal elastomers.Chemical science · 2026Article
- Morphing polymer voxels for dynamic information switching.Science advances · 2026Article
- Programming Intrinsic States of Solvent-Free Glycolipids through Molecular Architecture and Thermal History.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Digintel metasurface of extensive reprogrammable morphing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Diffusion-guided 4D microprinting of soft microactuators.Nature communications · 2026Article
- In Situ Control of Reactive Mesogens Alignment During 3D Printing by Two-Photon Lithography.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- 3D Printed Materials with Nanovoxelated Elastic Moduli.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Hybrid Zwitterionic Hydrogels with Encoded Differential Swelling and Programmed Deformation for Small-Scale Robotics.Small methods · 2025Article
- Weaving liquid crystal elastomer fiber actuators for multifunctional soft robotics.Science advances · 2025Article
- Embedded Physical Intelligence in Liquid Crystalline Polymer Actuators and Robots.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Alignment and actuation of liquid crystals via 3D confinement and two-photon laser printing.Science advances · 2024Article
- Femtosecond laser writing of ant-inspired reconfigurable microbot collectives.Nature communications · 2024Article
- 4D Printing of Shape-Morphing Liquid Crystal Elastomers.Chem & bio engineering · 2024Review
- Melt electrowriting enabled 3D liquid crystal elastomer structures for cross-scale actuators and temperature field sensors.Science advances · 2024Article
- Multimodal and Multistimuli 4D-Printed Magnetic Composite Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Controlling the Structure and Morphology of Organic Nanofilaments Using External Stimuli.ACS nanoscience Au · 2023Article
- Passively addressed robotic morphing surface (PARMS) based on machine learning.Science advances · 2023Article
- Programmable spatial deformation by controllable off-center freestanding 4D printing of continuous fiber reinforced liquid crystal elastomer composites.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Bioinspired helical-artificial fibrous muscle structured tubular soft actuators.Science advances · 2023Article
- Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal elastomers as moldable shape-programmable material.Nature communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Liquid crystal elastomers exhibit large reversible strain and programmable shape transformations, enabling various applications in soft robotics, dynamic optics, and programmable origami and kirigami. The morphing modes of these materials depend on both their geometries and director fields. In two dimensions, a pixel-by-pixel design has been accomplished to attain more flexibility over the spatial resolution of the liquid crystal response. Here we generalize this idea in two steps. First, we create independent, cubic light-responsive voxels, each with a predefined director field orientation. Second, these voxels are in turn assembled to form lines, grids, or skeletal structures that would be rather difficult to obtain from an initially connected material sample. In this way, the orientation of the director fields can be made to vary at voxel resolution to allow for programmable optically- or thermally-triggered anisotropic or heterogeneous material responses and morphology changes in three dimensions that would be impossible or hard to implement otherwise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.