Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34641855›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2021

The "self" in pain: high levels of schema-enmeshment worsen fibromyalgia impact.

Myrella Paschali, Asimina Lazaridou, Eric S Vilsmark, Jeungchan Lee, Michael Berry, Arvina Grahl, Alessandra Anzolin, Marco Loggia, Vitaly Napadow, Robert R Edwards

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
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  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Myrella PaschaliDepartment of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 850 Boylston St, Suite 302, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA. myrella.paschali@gmail.com.
Asimina LazaridouDepartment of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 850 Boylston St, Suite 302, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
Eric S VilsmarkDepartment of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 850 Boylston St, Suite 302, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
Jeungchan LeeAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Michael BerryAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Arvina GrahlAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Alessandra AnzolinAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Marco LoggiaAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Vitaly NapadowDepartment of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 850 Boylston St, Suite 302, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
Robert R EdwardsDepartment of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 850 Boylston St, Suite 302, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging · USHarvard University · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USChestnut Hill College · USMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveChronic pain can have detrimental effects on quality of life and a profound impact on one's identity. The Pictorial Representation of Illness- and Self-Measure (PRISM), is a visual tool designed to measure the self-illness separation (SIS) that represents the degree of schema-enmeshment (i.e., the degree to which the self-schema and the illness-schema come to overlap). Our aim was to investigate the relationship between schema-enmeshment and pain-related outcomes in patients with fibromyalgia.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 114 patients with fibromyalgia completed self-report assessments of pain catastrophizing, pain severity and interference, impact of symptoms, anxiety, and depression. SIS was assessed using an iPad version of PRISM. Mediation analyses evaluated the mediating role of schema-enmeshment on the association between pain catastrophizing and fibromyalgia impact.

resultsA higher degree of schema-enmeshment was associated with greater pain catastrophizing, pain severity and interference, impact of symptoms, and depression. Moreover, a mediation analysis revealed that schema-enmeshment significantly mediated the association between pain catastrophizing and fibromyalgia impact (p < 0.001).

conclusionsOur results indicate that schema-enmeshment is associated with greater intrusiveness of chronic pain on everyday life, thereby posing significant limitations on the emotional and physical well-being of fibromyalgia patients. Schema-enmeshment also appears to partly account for the deleterious effect of pain catastrophizing on disease impact. The PRISM is a simple tool that may uniquely capture the extent to which chronic pain and illness infiltrates and affects one's self-concept.

Indexed as

Chronic PainFibromyalgiaCatastrophizationCross-Sectional StudiesHumansQuality of LifeChronic painEnmeshmentFibromyalgiaPRISMSchema-enmeshmentSelfSelf-illness-separation

Identifiers

PMID34641855
PMCPMC8513288
OpenAlexW3205366993

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.