Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34641851›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Determinants of HPV-vaccination uptake and subgroups with a lower uptake in the Netherlands.

A C de Munter, T M Schurink-van T Klooster, A van Lier, R Akkermans, H E de Melker, W L M Ruijs

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Inequalities in adolescent HPV, Td/IPV and MenACWY vaccination coverage by socio-economic status: an ecological study, England, 2017 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. The decrease in childhood vaccination coverage and its sociodemographic determinants, the Netherlands, birth cohorts 2008 to 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. "Frontiers in public health · 2025
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  12. Review
  13. Article
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  17. Review
  18. Political Populism, Institutional Distrust and Vaccination Uptake: A Mediation Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

A C de Munter *Department of Infectious Disease Control, Public Health Service Gelderland-Zuid, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
T M Schurink-van T Klooster *Department National Immunization Program, Center of Epidemiology and Surveillance of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. tessa.schurink@rivm.nl.
A van LierDepartment National Immunization Program, Center of Epidemiology and Surveillance of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
R AkkermansRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Primary and Community Care & IQ Health care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
H E de MelkerDepartment National Immunization Program, Center of Epidemiology and Surveillance of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
W L M RuijsDepartment of Infectious Disease Control, Public Health Service Gelderland-Zuid, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NLGGD Zuid Limburg · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the Netherlands, the HPV-vaccine uptake was 52% during the 2009 catch-up campaign (birth cohorts 1993-1996). This increased to 61% in the regular immunization program (birth cohorts 2000-2001). However for birth cohorts 2003-2004 the uptake declined to 45.5%. With this study we aimed to gain insight into social, economic and cultural determinants that are associated with HPV-vaccination uptake and which subgroups with a lower HPV-vaccination uptake can be identified. In addition, we investigated whether the influence of these factors changed over time.

methodsTo study the determinants of HPV-vaccine uptake we performed a database study using different aggregation levels, i.e. individual level, postal code level and municipality level. All Dutch girls who were invited for HPV-vaccination through the National Immunization Program in the years 2012, 2014 and 2017 (i.e. birth cohorts 1999, 2001 and 2004, respectively) were included in the study population. We conducted multilevel logistic regression analyses to analyze the influence of the determinants on HPV-vaccination uptake, taking into account that the delivery of HPV-vaccine was nested within municipalities.

resultsResults showed that in particular having not received a MMR-vaccination, having one or two parents born in Morocco or Turkey, living in an area with lower socioeconomic status and higher municipal voting proportions for Christian political parties or populist parties with liberal-conservative views were associated with a lower HPV-vaccination uptake. Besides some changes in political preferences of the population and changes in the association between HPV uptake and urbanization level we found no clear determinants which could possibly explain the decrease in the HPV-vaccination uptake.

conclusionsIn this study we identified current social, economic and cultural determinants that are associated with HPV-vaccination uptake and which low-vaccination subgroups can be identified. However, no clear determinants were found which could explain the decrease in the HPV-vaccination uptake. Tailored information and/or consultation for groups that are associated with a lower HPV-vaccination uptake might help to increase the HPV-vaccination uptake in the future.

Indexed as

Papillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesFemaleHumansImmunization ProgramsNetherlandsVaccinationPapillomavirus VaccinesEthnicityHuman papillomavirus (HPV)ImmunizationPolitical preferenceSocioeconomic statusUrbanization

Identifiers

PMID34641851
PMCPMC8513172
OpenAlexW3207778992

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.