ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
GSH/ROS Dual-Responsive Supramolecular Nanoparticles Based on Pillar[6]arene and Betulinic Acid Prodrug for Chemo-Chemodynamic Combination Therapy.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recent advances in stimuli-responsive nanomaterials for the treatment of acute kidney injury.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Dual-pathway nanoengineering: spatiotemporal control of immunogenic apoptosis and macrophage phenotype reprogramming for augmented antitumor immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Advances and challenges in betulinic acid therapeutics and delivery systems for breast cancer prevention and treatment.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Advancements in Betulinic Acid-Loaded Nanoformulations for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Multi-Responsive Molecular Encapsulation and Release Based on Hydrogen-Bonded Azo-Macrocycle.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Supramolecular Combination Cancer Therapy Based on Macrocyclic Supramolecular Materials.Polymers · 2022Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy Resistance: Current Advances and Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Nanoparticles mediated tumor microenvironment modulation: current advances and applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Triterpenoids as Reactive Oxygen Species Modulators of Cell Fate.Chemical research in toxicology · 2022Review
- Glucose Metabolism Intervention-Facilitated Nanomedicine Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2022Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) based on intracellular Fenton reactions is attracting increasing interest in cancer treatment. A simple and novel method to regulate the tumor microenvironment for improved CDT with satisfactory effectiveness is urgently needed. Therefore, glutathione (GSH)/ROS (reactive oxygen species) dual-responsive supramolecular nanoparticles (GOx@BNPs) for chemo-chemodynamic combination therapy were constructed via host-guest complexation between water-soluble pillar[6]arene and the ferrocene-modified natural anticancer product betulinic acid (BA) prodrug, followed by encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOx) in the nanoparticles. The novel supramolecular nanoparticles could be activated by the overexpressed GSH and ROS in the tumor microenvironment (TME), not only accelerating the dissociation of nanoparticles-and, thus, improving the BA recovery and release capability in tumors-but also showing the high-efficiency conversion of glucose into hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in succession through intracellular Fenton reactions. Investigation of antitumor activity and mechanisms revealed that the dramatic suppression of cancer cell growth induced by GOx@BNPs was derived from the elevation of ROS, decrease in ATP and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) and, finally, cell apoptosis. This work presents a novel method for the regulation of the tumor microenvironment for improved CDT, and the preparation of novel GSH/ROS dual-responsive supramolecular nanoparticles, which could exert significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells through the synergistic interaction of chemodynamic therapy, starvation therapy, and chemotherapy (CDT/ST/CT).
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