ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Polypharmacy Is Significantly and Positively Associated with the Frailty Status Assessed Using the 5-Item FRAIL Scale, Cardiovascular Health Phenotypic Classification of Frailty Index, and Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Scale.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Applying the Bradford Hill Criteria to Assess the Independent Causal Roles of Aging and Medication in Frailty Progression: A Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2026Pooled it
- Medication Reduction is Associated with Improved Activities of Daily Living and Muscle Strength in Post-Stroke Patients with Polypharmacy.JMA journal · 2026Article
- Osteoporosis After Menopause and After Drug Therapy: The Molecular Mechanism of Bone Loss and Its Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Medication Use by Older Adults with Frailty: A Scoping Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- It Is Time for Senescience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between frailty and polypharmacy using three different frailty screening tools. This was a cross-sectional study of people aged ≥65 years. Participants were included and interviewed using questionnaires. Polypharmacy was defined as the daily use of eight or more pills. Frailty was assessed using a screening tool, including (1) the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illness and Loss of Weight Index (5-item FRAIL scale), (2) the Cardiovascular Health Phenotypic Classification of Frailty (CHS_PCF) index (Fried's Frailty Phenotype), and (3) the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture (SOF) scale. A total of 205 participants (mean age: 71.1 years; 53.7% female) fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The proportion of patients with polypharmacy was 14.1%. After adjustments were made for comorbidity or potential confounders, polypharmacy was associated with frailty on the 5-item FRAIL scale (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.6-23.16), CHS_PCF index (aOR: 8.98; 95% CI: 2.51-32.11), and SOF scale (aOR: 6.10; 95% CI: 1.47-25.3). Polypharmacy was associated with frailty using three frailty screening tools. Future research is required to further enhance our understanding of the risk of frailty among older adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.