ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Chronic and Cycling Hypoxia: Drivers of Cancer Chronic Inflammation through HIF-1 and NF-κB Activation: A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 241 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
241 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 342 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of baseline LIPI, LDH and dNLR in ES-SCLC patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Dimethyloxalylglycine on Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Tissue Regeneration-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Global research progress of nanomedicine and colorectal cancer: a bibliometrics and visualization analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Prognostic value of lung immune prognostic index in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2024Pooled it
- Bibliometric and visualization analyses of cancer-related fatigue research published worldwide from 2001 to 2023.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- MicroRNAs in Tumor Endothelial Cells: Regulation, Function and Therapeutic Applications.Cells · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy plus surgery in advanced ovarian cancer patients.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Trial
- Nitric Oxide in the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche: A Spatial Model of Nitrosative Stress and Clonal Evolution in Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Silica Promotes Silicosis via the ROS/NF-κB p65 Signaling-Activated Hypoxia-Lactate Axis in Rats.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Hypoxic Exercise Alleviates Diabetic Skeletal Myopathy in Zebrafish in Association with Hif1a/Foxo3a Signaling and Mitochondrial Quality Control.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Unveiling the mechanism of metabolites derived from gut microbiota in the treatment of acute kidney injury via network pharmacology and bioinformatics.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- NO-PDT and chemotherapy: spatiotemporal control to achieve therapeutic synergy.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Review
- Monocarboxylate Transporter 2 (MCT2) Reduction Is Associated with Increased Lung Tumor Growth and Alterations in the Immune Microenvironment in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Recent advances in understanding chemotherapy-induced fatigue in BC patients residing in high-altitude regions: a review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING Modulates the NF-κB Pathway to Influence the Occurrence of Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Piezo1 drives fibroblast activation in epidural fibrotic remodelling via the ET-1/HIF-1α pathway.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- Expert consensus on osteoporosis risk management in patients with sleep disorders.Bone research · 2026Review
- Review
- A bibliometric analysis of research trends and hotspots regarding macrophage polarization in lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Hypertension Molecular Switch: HIF Signaling Pathway.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Review
181 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic (continuous, non-interrupted) hypoxia and cycling (intermittent, transient) hypoxia are two types of hypoxia occurring in malignant tumors. They are both associated with the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), which induce changes in gene expression. This paper discusses in detail the mechanisms of activation of these two transcription factors in chronic and cycling hypoxia and the crosstalk between both signaling pathways. In particular, it focuses on the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) together with nitric oxide synthase, acetylation of HIF-1, and the action of MAPK cascades. The paper also discusses the importance of hypoxia in the formation of chronic low-grade inflammation in cancerous tumors. Finally, we discuss the effects of cycling hypoxia on the tumor microenvironment, in particular on the expression of VEGF-A, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL1/GRO-α, CXCL8/IL-8, and COX-2 together with PGE
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.