ReviewCancers2021
The Breast Tumor Microenvironment: A Key Player in Metastatic Spread.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prognostic value of absolute lymphocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for patients with metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Postbiotics Against Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review Bridging Preclinical Evidence with Potential Clinical Application.Cancers · 2026Review
- Diosmetin Modulates EMT-Associated Plasticity and Fibroblast-Activation Markers in Parallel Breast Cancer In Vitro Models.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exosomal lncRNAs as molecular switches driving macrophage-tumor co-evolution in breast cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Integrating network toxicology, machine learning, and molecular dynamics simulations to reveal tanshinone iia's dual mechanisms in TNBC and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinctive features of cancer-associated fibroblasts expressing CD105, a novel biomarker for bone metastasis, in early-stage invasive ductal breast cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The Kv10.1 potassium channel, driver of hypoxia-induced EMT and breast cancer cell aggressiveness.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- A biofabricated 3D cancer-stroma tumor microenvironment model.Biofabrication · 2025Article
- Serum Levels of IL-21 and IL-22 in Breast Cancer Patients-A Preliminary Study.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- The Significant Role of RUNX2 Expression in Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Review
- Radiogenomic analysis of clinical and ultrasonic characteristics in correlation to immune-related genes in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biological profile of breast cancer brain metastasis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Leveraging nanostructured lipid carriers to enhance targeted delivery and efficacy in breast cancer therapy: a comprehensive review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- The role of ceRNAs in breast cancer microenvironmental regulation and therapeutic implications.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- A 3D-Printable Cell Array for In Vitro Breast Cancer Modeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Understanding the role of TNFR2 signaling in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Review
- The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer Progression.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastatic spread of many cancers including breast. There is now increasing evidence to support the observations that a bidirectional interplay between breast cancer cells and stromal cells exists within the tumor and the tumor microenvironment both at the primary tumor site and at the metastatic site. This interaction occurs through direct cell to cell contact, or by the release of autocrine or paracrine factors which can activate pro-tumor signaling pathways and modulate tumor behavior. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in our current knowledge about the multiple interactions between breast cancer cells and neighboring cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, adipocytes, innate and adaptive immune cells) in the tumor microenvironment that coordinate to regulate metastasis. We also highlight the role of exosomes and circulating tumor cells in facilitating breast cancer metastasis. We discuss some key markers associated with stromal cells in the breast tumor environment and their potential to predict patient survival and guide treatment. Finally, we will provide some brief perspectives on how current technologies may lead to the development of more effective therapies for the clinical management of breast cancer patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.