Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34635662›Full record

ArticleNPJ genomic medicine2021

Immune cell infiltration signatures identified molecular subtypes and underlying mechanisms in gastric cancer.

Yilin Lin, Xiaoxian Pan, Long Zhao, Changjiang Yang, Zhen Zhang, Bo Wang, Zhidong Gao, Kewei Jiang, Yingjiang Ye, Shan Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ genomic medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Explainable Deep Learning of Transcriptomes Prioritizes Candidate Biomarkers With Preferential Performance in Gastric Cardia Cancer Cohorts.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Advances in the molecular subtyping of gastric cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yilin LinDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-634X
Xiaoxian PanDepartment of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, PR China.
Long ZhaoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Changjiang YangDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Zhen ZhangDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Bo WangDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Zhidong GaoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Kewei JiangDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Yingjiang YeDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Shan WangDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
Zhanlong ShenDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, PR China. shenzhanlong@pkuph.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-2686

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 81972240
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increasing evidence has clarified that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely related to the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of cancer. However, there is no reliable TME evaluation system used to accurately predict the prognosis of and therapeutic efficacy in gastric cancer. We evaluated the immune microenvironment score (IMS) of 1422 gastric cancer samples based on 51 immune cell signatures. We explored the relationship between the IMS and prognosis, immune cell infiltration, cancer subtype, and potential immune escape mechanisms. The results show that activation of the stroma and decreased levels of immune infiltration were associated with a low IMS. A high IMS was characterized by Epstein-Barr virus infection, increased mutation load, microsatellite instability, and immune cell infiltration. A high IMS was also related to high expression of immune checkpoint molecules (PD-1/PD-L1). Finally, patients with a high IMS had a better response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and may be more suitable for immune checkpoint inhibitors (area under the curve = 0.81). In addition, a low IMS may be converted into the immune-infiltrating subtype after romidepsin treatment. Stratification based on the IMS may enable gastric cancer patients to benefit more from immunotherapy and help identify new cancer treatment strategies.

Identifiers

PMID34635662
PMCPMC8505616

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.