ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2022
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Total and Free Ceftriaxone in Critically Ill Children and Young Adults and Monte Carlo Simulations Support Twice Daily Dosing for Target Attainment.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-dose ceftriaxone: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic insights in hospitalized patients with suspected sepsis in Thailand.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Urine NGAL adds to serum creatinine in predicting cefepime clearance in critically ill children at high risk of acute kidney injury.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026Article
- Development of population pharmacokinetic models of total and free piperacillin in critically ill children and young adults for Monte Carlo simulations and model-informed precision dosing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Toward adaptive therapeutic timing: integration of mechanistic pharmacology and artificial intelligence in precision dosing.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Building a Beta-Lactam Model-Informed Precision Dosing Service in a Quaternary Care Children's Hospital.Clinical and translational science · 2025Review
- Sulbactam-durlobactam improves cephalosporin and carbapenem susceptibility and time-kill effect againstMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- High-Dose Ceftriaxone in Elderly Patients with Enterococcal Infective Endocarditis: Population Pharmacokinetics of Free Ceftriaxone and Dose Optimization.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Leveraging Clinical Data to Enhance the Performance Evaluation of Ceftriaxone Population Pharmacokinetic Models in Children.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Unraveling Ceftriaxone Dosing: Free Drug Prediction, Threshold Optimization, and Model Validation.The AAPS journal · 2025Article
- Enhancing antibiotic therapy through comprehensive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic principles.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Population pharmacokinetic modeling of ceftriaxone in cerebrospinal fluid in children: should we be using once- or twice-daily dosing for meningitis?Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Ceftriaxone Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment for Three Pediatric Patients Receiving Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2024Article
- Remedial Dosing Recommendations for Sirolimus Delayed or Missed Dosages Caused by Poor Medication Compliance in Pediatric Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Patients.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Article
- Evaluation of ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics in hospitalized Egyptian pediatric patients.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Pharmacokinetic parameters over time during sepsis and the association of target attainment and outcomes in critically ill children and young adults receiving ceftriaxone.Pharmacotherapy · 2023Article
- Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Children with Acute Kidney Injury.Paediatric drugs · 2023Review
- Target attainment and population pharmacokinetics of flucloxacillin in critically ill patients: a multicenter study.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Observational
- Retrospective Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of Ceftriaxone 1 g Twice Daily versus 2 g Once Daily for Treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- β-lactam precision dosing in critically ill children: Current state and knowledge gaps.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Initial sirolimus dosage recommendations for pediatric patients withFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Critical illness, including sepsis, causes significant pathophysiologic changes that alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antibiotics. Ceftriaxone is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We sought to develop population PK models of both total ceftriaxone and free ceftriaxone in children admitted to a single-center PICU using a scavenged opportunistic sampling approach. We tested if the presence of sepsis and phase of illness (before or after 48 h of antibiotic treatment) altered ceftriaxone PK parameters. We performed Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate whether dosing regimens commonly used in PICUs in the United States (50 mg/kg of body weight every 12 h versus 24 h) resulted in adequate antimicrobial coverage. We found that a two-compartment model best described both total and free ceftriaxone concentrations. For free concentrations, the population clearance value is 6.54 L/h/70 kg, central volume is 25.4 L/70 kg, and peripheral volume is 19.6 L/70 kg. For both models, we found that allometric weight scaling, postmenstrual age, creatinine clearance, and daily highest temperature had significant effects on clearance. The presence of sepsis or phase of illness did not have a significant effect on clearance or volume of distribution. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that to achieve free concentrations above 1 μg/ml for 100% of the dosing intervals, a dosing regimen of 50 mg/kg every 12 h is recommended for most patients. A continuous infusion could be considered if the target is to maintain free concentrations four times above the MICs (4 μg/ml).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.