ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2022
Gremlin1 and TGF-β1 protect kidney tubular epithelial cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury through different pathways.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- XBP1s-Orchestrated Soluble Mediators: Participants of Oxidative Stress in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Following Donation After Circulatory Death.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Fibrosis by Suppressing Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Association between muscular strength and sleep quality in older adults undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- TubularInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGremlin1 belongs to the superfamily members of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, playing a profibrotic role in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and the transition from the late stage of acute kidney injury (AKI) to CKD, but the effect it plays in the early stage of AKI is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of Gremlin1on apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells under ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induction.
methodsWe detected Gremlin1 and TGF-β1 expression in the kidneys of mice undergoing renal ischemia-reperfusion injury bilaterally. We induced apoptosis through depletion and reperfusion of oxygen and serum in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKCs), mimicking I/R injury in vivo, and detected the role and pathways of Gremlin1 and TGF-β1on HKCs injury.
resultsMice undergoing bilateral I/R surgery presented AKI with a significant increase in serum creatinine, obvious renal tubular injuries, and increased macrophage cell and T-cell infiltration in interstitial areas. Gremlin1 expression was significantly increased along with TGF-β1 in the kidneys of AKI mice compared to sham mice. Exogenous Gremlin1 inhibited I/R-induced caspase3 expression in HKCs, which was blocked by a VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor III (SU5416). TGF-β1 also inhibited I/R-induced cell apoptosis in HKCs but had no synergic effect with Gremlin1. The TGF-β1's inhibitory effect could be blocked by the TGF-β1 type I receptor (activin receptor-like kinase 5, and ALK5)-specific inhibitor SB431542.
conclusionsGremlin1 and TGF- β1 protect kidney tubular epithelial cells from ischemia-reperfusion-induced apoptosis through VEGFR2 and Smad2 signaling pathways.
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