ArticlePlant physiology2022
A vector system for fast-forward studies of the HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE1 (ZAR1) resistosome in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana.
Article in Plant physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herbaria provide a valuable resource for obtaining informative mRNA.Genome research · 2026Article
- Dissection of Cell Death Induction byLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Blue Native-PAGE Assay of NLR Protein Complexes Combined with Genetic Complementation in Nicotiana benthamiana.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic analysis reveals exceptions to the co-evolution of ZAR1 and ZRK immune gene families in plants.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Conserved effector families render Phytophthora species vulnerable to recognition by NLR receptors in nonhost plants.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Rice NLR protein XinN1, induced by a pattern recognition receptor XA21, confers enhanced resistance to bacterial blight.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- Jurassic NLR: Conserved and dynamic evolutionary features of the atypically ancient immune receptor ZAR1.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- NLR immune receptors: structure and function in plant disease resistance.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023Review
- An atypical NLR protein modulates the NRC immune receptor network in Nicotiana benthamiana.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Plasma membrane-localized plant immune receptor targets HThe New phytologist · 2022Article
- Plant pathogens convergently evolved to counteract redundant nodes of an NLR immune receptor network.PLoS biology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Nicotiana benthamiana has emerged as a complementary experimental system to Arabidopsis thaliana. It enables fast-forward in vivo analyses primarily through transient gene expression and is particularly popular in the study of plant immunity. Recently, our understanding of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) plant immune receptors has greatly advanced following the discovery of the Arabidopsis HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE1 (ZAR1) resistosome. Here, we describe a vector system of 72 plasmids that enables functional studies of the ZAR1 resistosome in N. benthamiana. We showed that ZAR1 stands out among the coiled coil class of NLRs (CC-NLRs) for being highly conserved across distantly related dicot plant species and confirmed NbZAR1 as the N. benthamiana ortholog of Arabidopsis ZAR1. Effector-activated and autoactive NbZAR1 triggers the cell death response in N. benthamiana and this activity is dependent on a functional N-terminal α1 helix. C-terminally tagged NbZAR1 remains functional in N. benthamiana, thus enabling cell biology and biochemical studies in this plant system. We conclude that the NbZAR1 open source pZA plasmid collection forms an additional experimental system to Arabidopsis for in planta resistosome studies.
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