ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2021
Co-Culturing Microglia and Cortical Neurons Differentiated from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD11c + microglia: From basic research to clinical application.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Polyunsaturated fatty acid sequestration protects against mitochondrial dysfunction-induced ferroptosis.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Nicotine Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in HMC3 Microglia and Exerts Neuronal Protection.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Integrated protocol for concurrent generation of microglial and neuronal cells in human cerebral organoids.BMC methods · 2026Article
- Development of Cellular Energy Metabolism During Differentiation of Human iPSCs into Cortical Neurons.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Modeling ALS with Patient-Derived iPSCs: Recent Advances and Future Potentials.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Five differentially expressed proteins identified to serve as potential blood biomarkers for schizophrenia screening based on proteomics.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Human stem cell-based models to study synaptic dysfunction and cognition in schizophrenia: A narrative review.Schizophrenia research · 2024Review
- In vitro human cell culture models in a bench-to-bedside approach to epilepsy.Epilepsia open · 2024Review
- Review
- Midbrain organoids-development and applications in Parkinson's disease.Oxford open neuroscience · 2023Review
- Disease-specific differences in gene expression, mitochondrial function and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions in iPSC-derived cerebral organoids and cortical neurons in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Discover mental health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The ability to generate microglia from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides new tools and avenues for investigating the role of microglia in health and disease. Furthermore, iPSC-derived microglia can be maintained in co-culture with iPSC-derived cortical neurons, which enable investigations of microglia-neuron interactions that are hypothesized to be dysregulated in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. Human iPSCs were differentiated to generate microglia using an adapted version of a protocol developed by the Fossati group, and the iPSC-derived microglia were validated with marker analysis and real-time PCR. Human microglia generated using this protocol were positive for the markers CD11C, IBA1, P2RY12, and TMEM119, and expressed the microglial-related genes AIF1, CX3CR1, ITGAM, ITGAX, P2RY12, and TMEM119. Human iPSC-derived cortical neurons that had been differentiated for 30 days were plated with microglia and maintained in co-culture until day 60, when experiments were undertaken. The density of dendritic spines in cortical neurons in co-culture with microglia was quantified under baseline conditions and in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In order to examine how microglia modulate neuronal function, calcium imaging experiments of the cortical neurons were undertaken using the calcium indicator Fluo-4 AM. Live calcium activity of cortical neurons was obtained using a confocal microscope, and fluorescence intensity was quantified using ImageJ. This report describes how co-culturing human iPSC-derived microglia and cortical neurons provide new approaches to interrogate the effects of microglia on cortical neurons.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.