ArticleEpidemiology and infection2021
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in preventing infection and disease severity: a case-control study from an Eastern State of India.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination Programs on the Reduction of COVID-19 Cases: A Systematic Literature Review.Annals of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Does potential antibody-dependent enhancement occur during SARS-CoV-2 infection after natural infection or vaccination? A meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Potential biases in test-negative design studies of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness arising from the inclusion of asymptomatic individuals.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune signature in vaccinated versus non-vaccinated aged people with COVID-19 pneumonia.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Severity of respiratory illness among Covid-19-vaccinated and non-vaccinated admitted patients-An observational study from a teaching hospital of Tripura.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Vaccination and Its Impact on Lung Involvement in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study in India.Cureus · 2024Article
- Association of Cardiovascular Events with COVID-19 Vaccines Using Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS): A Retrospective Study.Current drug safety · 2024Article
- Association of vaccination status with the clinicobiochemical profile, hospital stay, and mortality in COVID-19: A case-control study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Characteristics of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients in Busan, Republic of Korea.Korean journal of family medicine · 2023Article
- Quality of life in patients treated for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis at a tertiary care hospital.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2023Article
- Transcriptionally active nasopharyngeal commensals and opportunistic microbial dynamics define mild symptoms in the COVID 19 vaccination breakthroughs.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Vaccine effectiveness in symptom and viral load mitigation in COVID-19 breakthrough infections in South Korea.PloS one · 2023Article
- Genomic evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern: COVID-19 pandemic waves in India.EXCLI journal · 2023Review
- The Safety Profile of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Perception and Acceptance of Using Different Generic Types of COVID-19 Vaccine, the "Mix-and-Match" Strategy, in Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- The Impact of Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Virus on the Outcome of COVID-19 Disease.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Effectiveness of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines used in India is unexplored and need to be substantiated. The present case-control study was planned to elicit the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing infection and disease severity in the general population of Bihar, India. This case-control study was conducted among people aged ≥45 years during April to June 2021. The cases were the COVID-19 patients admitted or visited All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, Bihar, India, and were contacted directly. The controls were the individuals tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) at the Virology laboratory, AIIMS-Patna and contacted telephonically for collection of relevant information. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated by using the formula (VE = 1 - odds ratio). The adjusted VE for partial and full vaccination were estimated to be 52.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 39.0-63.0%) and 83.0% (95% CI 73.0-89.0%) respectively for preventing SARS CoV-2 infection. The sub-group analyses of the cases have shown that the length of hospital stays (LOS) (partially vaccinated: 9 days vs. unvaccinated: 12 days; P = 0.028) and the severity of the disease (fully vaccinated: 30.3% vs. partially vaccinated: 51.3% and unvaccinated: 54.1%; P = 0.035) were significantly low among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated individuals. To conclude, four out of every five fully vaccinated individuals are estimated to be protected from contracting SARS CoV-2 infection. Vaccination lowered LOS and chances of development of severe disease.
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