ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021
Probing Multicellular Tissue Fusion of Cocultured Spheroids-A 3D-Bioassembly Model.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Multi-Spheroid Bone Constructs Through the Fusion of Large MSC Spheroids.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Article
- Tracking Spatiotemporal Extracellular Matrix Evolution and Tissue Fusion in 3D Microtissues via Click Chemistry-Based Metabolic Labelling.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Synchronizing the Osteochondral Regeneration Process through Spatial Patterning of Stable and Hypertrophic Cartilage Organoids.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Multicellular microtissues from fused ligament- and bone-cell spheroids relevant to enthesis repair.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Diels-Alder Click Chemistry as a Dynamic-Covalent Crosslinking Method in Spheroid-Encapsulating Hydrogels for Cartilage Engineering.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Spatial Patterning of Modular Gelatin-Peroxide Microspheres in Melt-Electrowritten Scaffolds Provides Controlled Oxygen Generation and Mitigates Hypoxia and Cytotoxicity.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Active foam dynamics of tissue spheroid fusion.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Tailoring agarose fluid gels for use in suspension bath bioprinting and culture of spheroid-based bioinks.Biofabrication · 2025Article
- Hypoxia and Multilineage Communication in 3D Organoids for Human Disease Modeling.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Engineering the 3D structure of organoids.Stem cell reports · 2025Review
- Donor ethnicity, sex, and age impact chondrogenic re-differentiation capacity: a multi-demographic study of human articular chondrocytesJournal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2025Article
- Injectable MSC Spheroid and Microgel Granular Composites for Engineering Tissue.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Temporal Enzymatic Treatment to Enhance the Remodeling of Multiple Cartilage Microtissues into a Structurally Organized Tissue.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Recapitulating the Drifting and Fusion of Two-Generation Spheroids on Concave Agarose Microwells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Engineered biomaterials to guide spheroid formation, function, and fabrication into 3D tissue constructs.Acta biomaterialia · 2023Review
- Biofabrication of Modular Spheroids as Tumor-Scale Microenvironments for Drug Screening.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Co-Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Ligamentocytes on Triphasic Embroidered Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) and Polylactic Acid Scaffolds for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Enthesis Tissue Engineering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review on Bioinspired Design of ECM-Mimicking Scaffolds by Computer-Aided Assembly of Cell-Free and Cell Laden Micro-Modules.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Engineering three-dimensional bone macro-tissues by guided fusion of cell spheroids.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While decades of research have enriched the knowledge of how to grow cells into mature tissues, little is yet known about the next phase: fusing of these engineered tissues into larger functional structures. The specific effect of multicellular interfaces on tissue fusion remains largely unexplored. Here, a facile 3D-bioassembly platform is introduced to primarily study fusion of cartilage-cartilage interfaces using spheroids formed from human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and articular chondrocytes (hACs). 3D-bioassembly of two adjacent hMSCs spheroids displays coordinated migration and noteworthy matrix deposition while the interface between two hAC tissues lacks both cells and type-II collagen. Cocultures contribute to increased phenotypic stability in the fusion region while close initial contact between hMSCs and hACs (mixed) yields superior hyaline differentiation over more distant, indirect cocultures. This reduced ability of potent hMSCs to fuse with mature hAC tissue further underlines the major clinical challenge that is integration. Together, this data offer the first proof of an in vitro 3D-model to reliably study lateral fusion mechanisms between multicellular spheroids and mature cartilage tissues. Ultimately, this high-throughput 3D-bioassembly model provides a bridge between understanding cellular differentiation and tissue fusion and offers the potential to probe fundamental biological mechanisms that underpin organogenesis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.