Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34632685›Full record

ArticleHIV medicine2022

Impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on HIV testing and care provision across four continents.

Fernanda Rick, Wilfred Odoke, Jan van den Hombergh, Adele S Benzaken, Vivian I Avelino-Silva

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in HIV medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Integrating HIV services in an era of global change.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Observational
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Variability in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection screening: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina) · 2025
    Observational
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Fernanda RickAIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Program, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-0817-094X
Wilfred OdokeAIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Program, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jan van den HomberghAIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Program, São Paulo, Brazil.
Adele S BenzakenAIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Program, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vivian I Avelino-SilvaAIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Program, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-6660-3088

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with severe disruptions in health care services, and nonpharmacological measures such as social distancing also have an impact on access to screening tests and on the long-term care of patients with chronic conditions globally. We aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV testing and treatment and to describe strategies employed to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on HIV care.

methodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we used secondary data from the AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Global Quality Program from 44 countries in four continents (Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe and Africa), and compared information on HIV testing, percentage of positive results, number of in-person appointments, and number of new enrolments in HIV care from 1 January 2020 to 31 August 2020 with the equivalent period in 2019.

resultsDespite marked inter-country heterogeneities, we found that COVID-19 was associated with a significant reduction in HIV testing, an increase in the percentage of positive tests, a reduction in the number of in-person consultations and a reduction in the number of new enrolments in care, despite the implementation of several mitigation strategies. The impact of COVID-19 differed across continents and key populations.

conclusionsOur findings suggest that, in the years to come, health care services must be prepared to respond to the impact of COVID-19 on HIV testing and care. Providers and facilities should build on the lessons learned so far to further improve mitigation strategies and establish care priorities for both the pandemic and the post-pandemic periods.

Indexed as

COVID-19HIV InfectionsHIV TestingPandemicsAfricaAsiaCaribbean RegionEuropeHumansLatin AmericaRetrospective Studiescoronavirus disease (COVID-19)differentiated careHIV careHIV testingpublic health

Identifiers

PMID34632685
PMCPMC8653012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.