Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34632153›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2021

Comparison of effectiveness of three distraction techniques to allay dental anxiety during inferior alveolar nerve block in children: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

P V A Aditya, Madu Ghanashyam Prasad, Ambati Nagaradhakrishna, Nagothu Sleeva Raju, Duvvi Naveen Babu

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06437249 (Children's Dental Anxiety in Relation to Parental Dental Anxiety, Child's Age and Gender and Caries Experience), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06437249 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Children's Dental Anxiety in Relation to Parental Dental Anxiety, Child's Age and Gender and Caries Experience (Cross Sectional Study)

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorCairo UniversityRan2024 to 2025Enrolled74ConditionsChild Dental Anxiety
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. The influence of immersive tools on children's dental anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026
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  6. Efficacy of two behavioural management techniques during inferior alveolar nerve block administration in pre-school children: a randomised clinical trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

P V A AdityaDepartment of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, St.Joseph Dental College, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Madu Ghanashyam PrasadDepartment of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, St.Joseph Dental College, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Ambati NagaradhakrishnaDepartment of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, St.Joseph Dental College, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Nagothu Sleeva RajuDepartment of Orthodontics, St.Joseph Dental College, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Duvvi Naveen BabuDepartment of Biochemistry, St.Joseph Dental College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAmong the numerous methods used to control anxiety, distraction is the most popular method for controlling behavior during dental procedures in children. The present study aimed to use a fidget spinner, kaleidoscope, and virtual reality as distraction techniques individually and observe the effects on the anxiety levels of children subjected to inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB).

methodsIn this parallel-group randomized clinical trial, 102 children aged 6-9 years requiring IANB for various dental treatments were screened and 60 children who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned into four groups of 15 each; Group 1 fidget spinner (FS), Group 2 kaleidoscope, Group 3 virtual reality (VR) and Group 4 no distraction (Control). The child's self-reported anxiety levels using Venham's picture test (VPT); the pulse oximeter was used to measure physiological signs of oxygen saturation and pulse rate at three intervals i.e. before, during, and after the IANB procedure. The collected data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 21 software. Paired t-test and One way ANOVA were used to compare the VPT, oxygen saturation, and pulse rate values.

findingsGroups 1, 2, and 3 showed significantly lower mean VPT scores compared to Group 4. Groups 1 & 3 showed lower mean pulse rates and Group 2 showed comparable mean pulse rates to Group 4 respectively during the IANB procedure. Oxygen saturation levels remained non-significant between all the Groups (p > 0.05).

interpretationFidget spinner, kaleidoscope, and virtual reality seem to be effective distraction methods and can be recommended as effective approaches to help alleviate children's dental anxiety during IANB procedures.

Indexed as

AnxietyDistractionInferior alveolar nerve blockOxygen saturationPulse rate

Identifiers

PMID34632153
PMCPMC8488815

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.