ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2021
Sudden Onset, Fixed Dystonia and Acute Peripheral Trauma as Diagnostic Clues for Functional Dystonia.
Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-occurrence of dissociation and anxiety and depressive disorders in adults: a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Personality Disorders in Functional and Idiopathic Dystonia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Polyelectromyography Under Propofol to Differentiate Functional from Idiopathic Dystonia: A Pilot Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- The Second Hit Hypothesis in Animal and Human Dystonia: The Role of Peripheral Nerve Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Review
- Functional cervical dystonia: diagnostic accuracy of distinct clinical features.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Definition and Classification of Dystonia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Review
- Sustained shoulder elevation posture: an under-recognized functional movement disorder phenotype.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Genetic Update and Treatment for Dystonia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Clinical neurophysiology of functional motor disorders: IFCN Handbook Chapter.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2024Review
- Overview of Movement Disorders Secondary to Drugs.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe differentiation of functional dystonia from idiopathic dystonia may be clinically challenging.
objectiveTo identify clinical features suggestive of functional dystonia to guide physicians to distinguish functional dystonia from idiopathic dystonia.
methodsPatient data were extracted from the Italian Registry of Functional Motor Disorders and the Italian Registry of Adult Dystonia. Patients with functional and idiopathic dystonia were followed up at the same clinical sites, and they were similar in age and sex.
resultsWe identified 113 patients with functional dystonia and 125 with idiopathic dystonia. Sudden onset of dystonia, evidence of fixed dystonia, and acute peripheral trauma before dystonia onset were more frequent in the functional dystonia group. No study variable alone achieved satisfactory sensitivity and specificity, whereas a combination of variables yielded 85% sensitivity and 98% specificity. A diagnostic algorithm was developed to reduce the risk of misclassifying functional dystonia.
conclusionOur findings extend the current diagnostic approach to functional dystonia by showing that clinical information about symptom onset, fixed dystonia, and history of peripheral trauma may provide key clues in the diagnosis of functional dystonia.
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