Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34631836›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2021

Evaluation of the Structure and Health Impacts of Exercise-Based Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Prehabilitation for Individuals With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Julia N Rickard, Arun Eswaran, Stephanie D Small, Alis Bonsignore, Maureen Pakosh, Paul Oh, Amy A Kirkham

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Impact of exercise-based prehabilitation on cardiometabolic health in surgical patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Cardio-oncology rehabilitation: are we ready?European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Julia N RickardFaculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Arun EswaranLawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Stephanie D SmallFaculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Alis BonsignoreFaculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Maureen PakoshLibrary & Information Services, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Paul OhCardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Amy A KirkhamFaculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
University of Toronto · CAToronto Rehabilitation Institute · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exercise-based, multimodal rehabilitation programming similar to that used in the existing models of cardiac or pulmonary rehabilitation or prehabilitation is a holistic potential solution to address the range of physical, psychological, and existential (e.g., as their diagnosis relates to potential death) stressors associated with a cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the structure and format of any type of exercise-based, multimodal rehabilitation programs used in individuals with cancer and the evidence base for their real-world effectiveness on metrics of physical (e.g., cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure) and psychological (e.g., health-related quality of life) health. Very few of the 33 included exercise-based, multimodal rehabilitation programs employed intervention components, education topics, and program support staff that were multi-disciplinary or cancer-specific. In particular, a greater emphasis on nutrition care, and the evaluation and management of psychosocial distress and CVD risk factors, with cancer-specific adaptations, would broaden and maximize the holistic health benefits of exercise-based rehabilitation. Despite these opportunities for improvement, exercise-based, multimodal rehabilitation programs utilized under real-world settings in individuals with cancer produced clinically meaningful and large effect sizes for cardiorespiratory fitness (VO

Indexed as

cancercardiac rehabilitation (CR)exercise trainingmulti-disciplinaryprehabilitationPulmonary rehabilitation (PR)

Identifiers

PMID34631836
PMCPMC8494200
OpenAlexW3200738178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.