ArticleEuropean economic review2021
A poorly understood disease? The impact of COVID-19 on the income gradient in mortality over the course of the pandemic.
Article in European economic review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Contributions of prior health and vaccination to inequality in COVID-19 mortality by income: analysis of administrative microdata for the non-institutionalized Dutch population.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Unequal goodbyes: disparities in end-of-life care before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic across 28 countries.BMC palliative care · 2026Article
- Social inequalities in COVID-19-related years of life lost in metropolitan France, 2020.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Associated With Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of 28 European Countries.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Micronutrient Dynamics in COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: Unraveling the Roles of Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium and ALP.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2024Article
- Area-level excess mortality in times of COVID-19 in Switzerland: geographical, socioeconomic and political determinants.European journal of public health · 2024Article
- Death from COVID-19 in contexts of social deprivation in Mexico.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Investigating the 'Bolsonaro effect' on the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic: An empirical analysis of observational data in Brazil.PloS one · 2024Observational
- Local and regional factors of spatial differentiation of the excess mortality related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania.Letters in spatial and resource sciences · 2023Article
- Explaining the deprivation gap in COVID-19 mortality rates: A decomposition analysis of geographical inequalities in England.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Do vaccinations reduce inequality in Covid-19 mortality? Evidence from England.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Understanding how socioeconomic inequalities drive inequalities in COVID-19 infections.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Mortality inequalities remain substantial in many countries, and large shocks such as pandemics could amplify them further. The unequal distribution of COVID-19 confirmed cases suggests that this is the case. Yet, evidence on the causal effect of the epidemic on mortality inequalities remains scarce. In this paper, we exploit exhaustive municipality-level data in France, one of the most severely hit country in the world, to identify a negative relationship between income and excess mortality within urban areas, that persists over COVID-19 waves. Over the year 2020, the poorest municipalities experienced a 30% higher increase in excess mortality. Our analyses can rule out an independent contribution of lockdown policies to this heterogeneous impact. Finally, we find evidence that both labor-market exposure and housing conditions are major determinants of the epidemic-induced effects of COVID-19 on mortality inequalities, but that their respective role depends on the state of the epidemic.
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