ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2021
"These Laws Will Be Devastating": Provider Perspectives on Legislation Banning Gender-Affirming Care for Transgender Adolescents.
Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Endocrine Management of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents: Expert Opinion of the ESPE Working Group on Gender Incongruence and the Endo-ERN Main Thematic Group on Sexual Development and Maturation.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Sexual and Gender Minority Stress in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Engagement: A Meta-Analytic Review.Suicide & life-threatening behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Education about gender development predicts support for transgender youth's gender identity autonomy.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Clinician Approaches to Research With Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youths.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Impact of Gender-Affirming Care Legislation on Medical Student Plans for Residency.Transgender health · 2026Article
- Whose suffering counts? Research funding, scientific freedom, and the epistemic erasure of sexual and gender diverse children.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- LGBTQIA+ People's Perspectives on LGBTQIA+-Targeted State Policies and Mental Health: A Qualitative Study.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- From Crisis to Action: Psychiatry's Ethical Imperative to Defend Transgender People's Rights, Dignity, and Access to Care.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- "I couldn't practice in a place where my patients couldn't get the care they need": A qualitative exploration of residency decision-making among Southern medical students interested in providing gender-affirming care.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Rapid review of gender-affirming healthcare for children and adolescents: Evidence synthesis (2021-2025) and recommendations for South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Review
- "At the mercy of the State": Transgender and nonbinary young adults' experiences navigating restrictive healthcare legislation.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Rapid Review of Gender-Affirming Healthcare for Children and Adolescents: Evidence Synthesis (2021-2025) and Recommendations for South Africa.Research square · 2025Article
- Leveraging community engagement and human-centered design to develop multilevel implementation strategies to enhance adoption of a health equity intervention.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Barriers to Gender-Affirming Care, Health Care Services, and Experiences of Health Care Provider Bias Among Transgender People in Nigeria.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Adolescent Comfort With Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Collection and Preferences for Electronic Health Record Documentation in the Ambulatory Setting.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025Article
- Individualized and innovative gender healthcare for transgender and nonbinary youth.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- US State Policies and Mental Health Symptoms Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- On the Frontlines: Protecting and Advancing Gender-Affirming Care in a Hostile Sociopolitical Environment.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Policy and Health Justice: A Conceptual Model Relating the Legislative Climate to the Suicide Disparity Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth.Transgender health · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe standards of care for transgender and gender diverse youth (TGDY) experiencing gender dysphoria are well-established and include gender-affirming medical interventions. As of July 2021, 22 states have introduced or passed legislation that bans the provision of gender-affirming medical care to anyone under the age of 18 even with parent or guardian consent. The purpose of this study is to understand what providers who deliver gender-affirming medical care to TGDY think about this legislation.
methodsIn March 2021, we recruited participants via listservs known to be frequented by providers of gender-affirming medical care. Eligible participants were over the age of 18, currently working as a physician, nurse practitioner, or physician's assistant, and providing gender-affirming care to TGDY under the age of 18 in the U.S.
resultsWe analyzed the responses of 103 providers from all 50 states and DC. Most participants identified as white (77%), cisgender women (70%), specializing in pediatric care (52%). The most salient theme, described by nearly all participants, was the fear that legislation banning gender-affirming care would lead to worsening mental health including increased risk for suicides among TGDY. Other themes included the politicization of medical care, legislation that defies the current standards of care for TGDY, worsening discrimination toward TGDY, and adverse effects on the providers.
conclusionsProviders of gender-affirming care overwhelmingly opposed legislation that bans gender-affirming care for TGDY citing the severe consequences to the health and well-being of TGDY along with the need to practice evidence-based medicine without fear.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.