Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34627633›Full record

ArticleHealth policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2022

Tackling the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial responses in 2020 in selected social health insurance countries in Europe

Andrea E Schmidt, Sherry Merkur, Anita Haindl, Sophie Gerkens, Coralie Gandré, Zeynep Or, Peter Groenewegen, Madelon Kroneman, Judith de Jong, Tit Albreht and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.

Andrea E SchmidtAustrian National Public Health Institute, Stubenring 6, 1010 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: Andrea.Schmidt@goeg.at.
Sherry MerkurEuropean Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: s.m.merkur@lse.ac.uk.
Anita HaindlAustrian National Public Health Institute, Stubenring 6, 1010 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: Anita.Haindl@goeg.at.
Sophie GerkensBelgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE), Boulevard du Jardin Botanique 55, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: Sophie.Gerkens@kce.fgov.be.
Coralie GandréInstitute of Research and Information in Health Economics, IRDES. Electronic address: gandre@irdes.fr.
Zeynep OrInstitute of Research and Information in Health Economics, IRDES. Electronic address: Or@irdes.fr.
Peter GroenewegenNivel, Otterstraat 118, 3513 CR Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: P.Groenewegen@nivel.nl.
Madelon KronemanNivel, Otterstraat 118, 3513 CR Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: M.Kroneman@nivel.nl.
Judith de JongNivel, Otterstraat 118, 3513 CR Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229GT, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: J.deJong@nivel.nl.
Tit AlbrehtNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: Tit.Albreht@nijz.si.
Pia VrackoNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: Pia.Vracko@nijz.si.
Sarah MantwillUniversity of Lucerne, Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, Frohburgstrasse 3, P.O. Box 4466, CH-6002 Lucerne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Sarah.Mantwill@unilu.ch.
Cristina Hernández-QuevedoEuropean Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: C.Hernandez-Quevedo@lse.ac.uk.
Wilm QuentinDepartment of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: wilm.quentin@tu-berlin.de.
Erin WebbDepartment of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: e.webb@tu-berlin.de.
Juliane WinkelmannDepartment of Health Care Management, Berlin University of Technology, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: juliane.winkelmann@tu-berlin.de.
Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research · NLTechnische Universität Berlin · DEGesundheit Österreich · ATInstitut de Recherche et de Documentation en Économie de la Santé · FRLondon School of Economics and Political Science · GBNational Institute of Public Health · SIBelgian Health Care Knowledge Centre · BEUniversity of Lucerne · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Countries with social health insurance (SHI) systems display some common defining characteristics - pluralism of actors and strong medical associations - that, in dealing with crisis times, may allow for common learnings. This paper analyses health system responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in eight countries representative of SHI systems in Europe (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Switzerland). Data collection and analysis builds on the methodology and content in the COVID-19 Health System Response Monitor (HSRM) up to November 2020. We find that SHI funds were, in general, neither foreseen as major stakeholders in crisis management, nor were they represented in crisis management teams. Further, responsibilities in some countries shifted from SHI funds to federal governments. The overall organisation and governance of SHI systems shaped how countries responded to the challenges of the pandemic. For instance, coordinated ambulatory care often helped avoid overburdening hospitals. Decentralisation among local authorities may however represent challenges with the coordination of policies, i.e. coordination costs. At the same time, bottom-up self-organisation of ambulatory care providers is supported by decentralised structures. Providers also increasingly used teleconsultations, which may remain part of standard practice. It is recommended to involve SHI funds actively in crisis management and in preparing for future crisis to increase health system resilience.

Indexed as

COVID-19EuropeHumansInsurance, HealthPandemicsSocial SecurityCOVID-19DecentralisationGovernanceHealth policySocial health insurance

Identifiers

PMID34627633
PMCPMC9187505
OpenAlexW3204235711

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.