ArticleAIDS research and therapy2021
Determinants of viral suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral treatment in Ehlanzeni district, South Africa: a cross-sectional analysis.
Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterizing the HIV care continuum among children and adolescents with HIV in eastern and southern Africa in the era of "Universal Test and Treat": A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The long-term impact of family economic empowerment on viral suppression and mental health outcomes among adolescents living with HIV in low-income settings: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in Southern Uganda.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Trial
- Viral load suppression and associated factors following enhanced adherence counseling among people living with HIV/AIDS.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Viral Load Suppression Among People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Bunia, Northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Determinants of retention into HIV care among adolescents living with HIV in two selected districts in Copperbelt Province of Zambia.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Trends, magnitude and determinants of viral load suppression among HIV patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy in Tigray region, Ethiopia: a retrospective study (2016-2024).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Efficacy of dolutegravir-based therapy in achieving virological suppression in PLHIV in low- and middle-income countries: real-world evidence from a large clinical cohort in Cameroon.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of antiretroviral backbone regimens on viral suppression in pediatric and adolescent HIV care: a six-year cohort study from Uganda.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence among adolescents living with HIV in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: structural equation modeling.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Comparison of treatment outcomes of adolescents on HIV treatment before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Cape Town, South Africa: A retrospective cohort study.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Article
- Viral Load Suppression Associated With Undisclosed HIV Status Among Adolescents Aged 10 to 19 Years Living With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Trends in population HIV viral suppression: a longitudinal analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Viral Suppression in Young People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Southern Africa: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of HIV Survey Data of 2020 and 2021.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Evaluating the contribution of operation triple zero to HIV viral load suppression and retention among the adolescents in TASO Uganda using RE-AIM framework: a before and after implementation science study.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- HIV Viral Re-Suppression on Second-Line ART in Southern Zimbabwe.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Determinants of viral load suppression among adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Eswatini: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Low HIV Viral Load Suppression and Its Implications for Controlling HIV among Refugee Adolescents and Youth Living in Refugee Settlements in Uganda: A Cross-sectional Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Biological and Social Predictors of HIV-1 RNA Viral Suppression in ART Treated PWLH in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAchieving undetectable viral load is crucial for the reduction of HIV transmissions, AIDS-related illnesses and death. Adolescents (10 to19 years) living with HIV (ALHIV) on antiretroviral treatment (ART) have worse treatment adherence and lower viral suppression rates compared to adults. We report on the clinical factors associated with viral suppression among ALHIV in the Ehlanzeni district, Mpumalanga in South Africa.
methodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 9386 ALHIV, aged 10 to 19 years, who were enrolled in 136 ART clinics in the Ehlanzeni district. Clinical and immunological data were obtained from electronic medical records (Tier.net). ALHIV were categorised as having achieved viral suppression if their latest viral load count was < 1000 ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies/mL. Using a backward stepwise approach, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with viral suppression.
resultsThe mean age of the participants was 14.75 years (SD = 2.9), and 55.43% were female. Mean duration on ART was 72.26 (SD = 42.3) months. Of the 9386 adolescents with viral load results recorded, 74% had achieved viral suppression. After adjusting for other covariates, the likelihood of achieving viral suppression remained significantly higher among ALHIV who were: female (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.05-1.39), and had most recent CD4 count > 200 (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI 2.06-3.11). Furthermore, the likelihood of having viral suppression was lower among adolescents with CD4 count > 200 at baseline (AOR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.61-0.87), and who were switched to second line regimen (AOR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.34-0.49).
conclusionsViral suppression amongst ALHIV at 74% is considerably lower than the WHO target of 95%. Of particular concern for intervention is the lower rates of viral suppression amongst male ALHIV. Greater emphasis should be placed to early enrolment of ALHIV on ART and keeping them engaged in care (beyond 6 months). Furthermore, improved and regular viral load monitoring will help to adequately identify and manage ALHIV with unsuppressed viral load and subsequently switching to second line treatment.
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