ArticleEnvironment international2022
In utero exposure to near-roadway air pollution and autism spectrum disorder in children.
Article in Environment international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Algorithms for Identifying Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental pollutants as risk factors for autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Newborn metabolomics linking prenatal air pollution exposure and autism spectrum disorder risk in children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- The potential effects of hypothetical PM2.5 interventions on childhood autism in different neighborhood socioeconomic contexts.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Wildfire and Autism in Children.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Association Between Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and Autism in Children: EPINED Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder as a Multifactorial Disorder: The Interplay of Genetic Factors and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Joint effects of traffic-related air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on maternal postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Maternal Exposure to Passive Smoking and Environmental Factors: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh.Health science reports · 2025Article
- The protracted neurotoxic consequences in mice of developmental exposures to inhaled iron nanoparticles alone or in combination with SOFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Real-world evidence from a multi-center pediatric network: greenness exposure and autism spectrum disorder in urban China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A Review of Urban Planning Approaches to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures.Current environmental health reports · 2024Review
- Decomposing the variance: The unique and shared associations of fine and ultrafine particulate matter exposed during pregnancy with child autism spectrum disorder.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Source-Specific Fine Particulate Matter and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Pre-pregnancy ozone and ultrafine particulate matter exposure during second year of life associated with decreased cognitive and adaptive functioning at aged 2-5 years.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Prenatal 1-Nitropyrene Exposure Causes Autism-Like Behavior Partially by Altering DNA Hydroxymethylation in Developing Brain.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Preeclampsia Onset, Days to Delivery, and Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring: Clinical Birth Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Maternal obesity and diabetes during pregnancy and early autism screening score at well-child visits in standard clinical practice.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Article
- Ultrafine particulate matter exposure during second year of life, but not before, associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in BKMR mixtures model of multiple air pollutants.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Effect of In utero Exposure to Air Pollution on Adulthood Hospitalizations.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importancePrevious studies have reported associations between in utero exposure to regional air pollution and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In utero exposure to components of near-roadway air pollution (NRAP) has been linked to adverse neurodevelopment in animal models, but few studies have investigated NRAP association with ASD risk.
objectiveTo identify ASD risk associated with in utero exposure to NRAP in a large, representative birth cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsThis retrospective pregnancy cohort study included 314,391 mother-child pairs of singletons born between 2001 and 2014 at Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) hospitals. Maternal and child data were extracted from KPSC electronic medical records. Children were followed until: clinical diagnosis of ASD, non-KPSC membership, death, or December 31, 2019, whichever came first. Exposure to the complex NRAP mixture during pregnancy was assessed using line-source dispersion models to estimate fresh vehicle emissions from freeway and non-freeway sources at maternal addresses during pregnancy. Vehicular traffic load exposure was characterized using advanced telematic models combining traditional traffic counts and travel-demand models with cell phone and vehicle GPS data. Cox proportional-hazard models estimated hazard ratios (HR) of ASD associated with near-roadway traffic load and dispersion-modeled NRAP during pregnancy, adjusted for covariates. Non-freeway NRAP was analyzed using quintile distribution due to nonlinear associations with ASD. EXPOSURES: Average NRAP and traffic load exposure during pregnancy at maternal residential addresses. MAIN OUTCOMES: Clinical diagnosis of ASD.
resultsA total of 6,291 children (5,114 boys, 1,177 girls) were diagnosed with ASD. The risk of ASD was associated with pregnancy-average exposure to total NRAP [HR(95% CI): 1.03(1.00,1.05) per 5 ppb increase in dispersion-modeled NOx] and to non-freeway NRAP [HR(95% CI) comparing the highest to the lowest quintile: 1.19(1.11, 1.27)]. Total NRAP had a stronger association in boys than in girls, but the association with non-freeway NRAP did not differ by sex. The association of freeway NRAP with ASD risk was not statistically significant. Non-freeway traffic load exposure demonstrated associations with ASD consistent with those of NRAP and ASD.
conclusionsIn utero exposure to near-roadway air pollution, particularly from non-freeway sources, may increase ASD risk in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.