ArticleNPJ precision oncology2021
Comprehensive RNA analysis of CSF reveals a role for CEACAM6 in lung cancer leptomeningeal metastases.
Article in NPJ precision oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- exoRBase 3.0: an updated resource for extracellular RNAs from human biofluids.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Multicenter validation of CEACAM6 and FOXP3 as robust prognostic biomarkers in colon cancer: Combined immunohistochemical and transcriptomic analysis.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Adaptive cohort design and LAT1 expression scale: study protocol for a Phase 2a trial of QBS72S in breast cancer brain metastases.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- CD79A and IL7R mRNA Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Adults with Acute B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Pilot Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Serum exosomal miRNA contributes to the diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- A Novel Theranostic Strategy for Malignant Pulmonary Nodules by Targeted CECAM6 withAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- [CEACAM6 inhibits proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2025Article
- Cerebral spinal fluid analyses and therapeutic implications for leptomeningeal metastatic disease.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Leptomeningeal metastatic disease: new frontiers and future directions.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics for immune profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in neurological diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CEACAM6 expression and function in tumor biology: a comprehensive review.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- The anatomic basis of leptomeningeal metastasis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- The emerging roles of CEACAM6 in human cancer (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- Leptomeningeal Metastases in Melanoma Patients: An Update on and Future Perspectives for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- CEACAM6 serves as a biomarker for leptomeningeal metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Single-cell sequencing: promises and challenges for human genetics.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2022Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid as an Advanced Form of Liquid Biopsy for Neurological Disorders.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- A Toolkit for Profiling the Immune Landscape of Pediatric Central Nervous System Malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastatic to the brain leptomeninges is rapidly fatal, cannot be biopsied, and cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are few; therefore, available tissue samples to develop effective treatments are severely limited. This study aimed to converge single-cell RNA-seq and cell-free RNA (cfRNA) analyses to both diagnose NSCLC leptomeningeal metastases (LM), and to use gene expression profiles to understand progression mechanisms of NSCLC in the brain leptomeninges. NSCLC patients with suspected LM underwent withdrawal of CSF via lumbar puncture. Four cytology-positive CSF samples underwent single-cell capture (n = 197 cells) by microfluidic chip. Using robust principal component analyses, NSCLC LM cell gene expression was compared to immune cells. Massively parallel qPCR (9216 simultaneous reactions) on human CSF cfRNA samples compared the relative gene expression of patients with NSCLC LM (n = 14) to non-tumor controls (n = 7). The NSCLC-associated gene, CEACAM6, underwent in vitro validation in NSCLC cell lines for involvement in pathologic behaviors characteristic of LM. NSCLC LM gene expression revealed by single-cell RNA-seq was also reflected in CSF cfRNA of cytology-positive patients. Tumor-associated cfRNA (e.g., CEACAM6, MUC1) was present in NSCLC LM patients' CSF, but not in controls (CEACAM6 detection sensitivity 88.24% and specificity 100%). Cell migration in NSCLC cell lines was directly proportional to CEACAM6 expression, suggesting a role in disease progression. NSCLC-associated cfRNA is detectable in the CSF of patients with LM, and corresponds to the gene expression profile of NSCLC LM cells. CEACAM6 contributes significantly to NSCLC migration, a hallmark of LM pathophysiology.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.