Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34625514›Full record

ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021

Increased coexpression of PD-L1 and TIM3/TIGIT is associated with poor overall survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Peipei Wang, Yueyun Chen, Qingqin Long, Qing Li, Jiangfang Tian, Ting Liu, Yong Wu, Zhenyu Ding

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Intratumoral PD-1Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026
    Article
  5. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic inflammation response index are the optimal combination for risk stratification in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  6. Immune biomarkers for head and neck cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. NRI and SIRI are the optimal combinations for prognostic risk stratification in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after EGFR-TKI therapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Mechanisms of Anti-PD Therapy Resistance in Digestive System Neoplasms.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Expression and Prognostic Significance of LAG-3, TIGIT, VISTA, and IDO1 in Endometrial Serous Carcinoma.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Peipei Wang *Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7201-4928
Yueyun Chen *Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Qingqin LongDepartment of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Qing LiDepartment of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Jiangfang TianDepartment of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Ting LiuDepartment of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yong Wu *Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China dingzhenyu@scu.edu.cn eywuyong@scut.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-7874-3547
Zhenyu Ding *Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China dingzhenyu@scu.edu.cn eywuyong@scut.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-9545-8844

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmune checkpoint (IC) blockades (ICBs) significantly improve patients' clinical outcomes with solid tumors. Because the objective response rate of single-agent ICB is limited, it is meaningful to explore the combination of ICs for immunotherapy.

methodsRNA sequencing data of 95 newly diagnosed patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to explore the prognostic significance of ICs. The results were validated by immunohistochemistry of 58 ESCC tissue samples from our clinical center.

resultsThe results of both TCGA and validation data suggested that high expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain-containing-3 (TIM3), and T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) was associated with poor overall survival (OS) of patients with ESCC. Importantly, PD-L1/TIM3 or PD-L1/TIGIT was the optimal combination for predicting poor OS and short restricted mean survival time of patients with ESCC and was an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, a nomogram model constructed by PD-L1, TIM3, and TIGIT together with the primary tumor, regional lymph node, distant metastasis stage could provide a concise and precise prediction of 1-year and 2-year OS rates and median survival time. PD-L1/TIM3 or PD-L1/TIGIT had a positive correlation with CD8+ T cells. Notably, PD-1 and TIM3/TIGIT were primarily coexpressed on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte in patients with ESCC by multiplexed immunofluorescence.

conclusionHigh expression of ICs was associated with poor OS of patients with ESCC. PD-L1/TIM3 and PD-L1/TIGIT were the optimal combinations for predicting OS, which might be potential targets for future ICBs therapy of ESCC.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaFemaleHumansMaleProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorReceptors, ImmunologicSurvival AnalysisTumor MicroenvironmentBiomarkers, TumorProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorReceptors, ImmunologicTIGIT protein, humancostimulatory and inhibitory T-cell receptorsimmunityimmunohistochemistrytumor biomarkers

Identifiers

PMID34625514
PMCPMC8504357

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.