ArticlePreventive medicine2021
U.S. frontline workers and COVID-19 inequities.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations and anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels following COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional study in three communities with elevated PFAS exposure.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- Health concerns and government distrust: Variation in types of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy by racial and ethnic group before and at universal vaccine eligibility in the US.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 employment shocks and safety net expansion: Health effects on displaced workers.Social science research · 2024Article
- Race, Ethnicity, and Delayed Time to COVID-19 Testing Among US Health Care Workers.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Assessing the role of social determinants of health in health disparities: The need for data on work.American journal of industrial medicine · 2024Article
- Dual pandemics? Assessing associations between area racism, COVID-19 case rates, and mental health among U.S. adults.SSM. Mental health · 2023Article
- Does perceived post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic reflect actual positive changes?Anxiety, stress, and coping · 2023Article
- Anxiety and Health Concerns among Healthcare Personnel Working with COVID-19 Patients: A Self-Assessment Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- TRACE-Omicron: Policy Counterfactuals to Inform Mitigation of COVID-19 Spread in the United States.Advanced theory and simulations · 2023Article
- Urban public health emergencies and the COVID-19 pandemic. Part 1: Social and spatial inequalities in the COVID-city.Urban studies (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
- The Short and the Long Arm of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Direct and Indirect Effects of the US Economic Lockdown.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Differential Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Occupation: Evidence from the Virus Watch prospective cohort study in England and Wales.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2023Article
- Upstream Policy Changes to Improve Population Health and Health Equity: A Priority Agenda.The Milbank quarterly · 2023Article
- Group early intervention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy as a video-conference psychotherapy with frontline/emergency workers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and moral injury-An RCT study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Occupation, Worker Vulnerability, and COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake: Analysis of the Virus Watch prospective cohort study.Vaccine · 2022Article
- Expanding the Focus of Occupational Safety and Health: Lessons from a Series of Linked Scientific Meetings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Article
- Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors and Psychological Distress: A Secondary Analysis across Four Occupational Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Socio-Demographic Composition and Potential Occupational Exposure to SARS-CoV2 under Routine Working Conditions among Key Workers in France.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Workplace contact patterns in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of the Virus Watch prospective cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We overcome a lack of frontline worker status information in most COVID-19 data repositories to document the extent to which occupation has contributed to COVID-19 disparities in the United States. Using national data from over a million U.S. respondents to a Facebook-Carnegie Mellon University survey administered from September 2020 to March 2021, we estimated the likelihoods of frontline workers, compared to non-frontline workers, 1) to ever test positive for SARs-Cov-2 and 2) to test positive for SARs-Cov-2 within the past two weeks. Net of other covariates including education level, county-level political environment, and rural residence, both healthcare and non-healthcare frontline workers had higher odds of having ever tested positive for SARs-Cov-2 across the study time period. Similarly, non-healthcare frontline workers were more likely to test positive in the previous 14 days. Conversely, healthcare frontline workers were less likely to have recently tested positive. Our findings suggest that occupational exposure has played an independent role in the uneven spread of the virus. In particular, non-healthcare frontline workers have experienced sustained higher risk of testing positive for SARs-Cov-2 compared to non-frontline workers. Alongside more worker protections, future COVID-19 and other highly infectious disease response strategies must be augmented by a more robust recognition of the role that structural factors, such as the highly stratified U.S. occupational landscape, have played in the uneven toll of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Registered trials
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