ArticleScience advances2021
3D microelectrode cluster and stimulation paradigm yield powerful analgesia without noticeable adverse effects.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Distribution and subacute modulation of endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes in the trigeminal complex and midbrain in a pre-clinical model of post-traumatic headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Transcranial photobiomodulation with near-infrared laser induces analgesia in rats.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Role of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus in Pain Processing.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Modulating Neural Circuits of Pain in Preclinical Models: Recent Insights for Future Therapeutics.Cells · 2024Review
- Commonly Overlooked Factors in Biocompatibility Studies of Neural Implants.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- 3D Printed Skull Cap and Benchtop Fabricated Microwire-Based Microelectrode Array for Custom Rat Brain Recordings.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Advantages, Pitfalls, and Developments of All Optical Interrogation Strategies of MicrocircuitsFrontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The lack of satisfactory treatment for persistent pain profoundly impairs the quality of life for many patients. Stimulation of brainstem pain control systems can trigger powerful analgesia, but their complex network organization frequently prevents separation of analgesia from side effects. To overcome this long-standing challenge, we developed a biocompatible gelatin-embedded cluster of ultrathin microelectrodes that enables fine-tuned, high-definition three-dimensional stimulation in periaqueductal gray/dorsal raphe nucleus in awake rats. Analgesia was assessed from both motor reactions and intracortical signals, corresponding to pain-related signals in humans. We could select an individual-specific subset of microelectrodes in each animal that reliably provided strong pain inhibition during normal and hyperalgesia conditions, without noticeable behavioral side effects. Gait, spontaneous cortical activity at rest, and cortical tactile responses were minimally affected, indicating a highly selective action. In conclusion, our developed biocompatible microelectrode cluster and stimulation paradigm reliably enabled powerful, fine-tuned, and selective analgesia without noticeable side effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.