ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2021
Validity of claims-based algorithms to identify neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Algorithms for Identifying Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Pooled it
- Shared and disorder-specific prenatal and perinatal risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders: a nationwide cohort study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Variation in Rates of ADHD Diagnoses Across Public Schools in Arkansas.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Medicaid home and community based services are vital for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A descriptive study of service use among all adult enrollees, 2022.Disability and health journal · 2026Article
- Association of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Congenital Anomalies With Prenatal Multiple Sclerosis Treatment-Real-World Historical Cohort Study.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Prenatal Azithromycin Exposure and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to buprenorphine or methadone and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes: population based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- Prenatal antiseizure drug exposure and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children: population based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- Antiemetic use during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment: population-based birth cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Validity of diagnostic codes used to ascertain maternal injuries during pregnancy.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Big Data in the Assessment of Medication Safety in Pregnancy: Opportunities and Challenges.Paediatric drugs · 2025Article
- Preconception, prenatal and early childhood exposure to green space and risk of neurodevelopmental delays: a national cohort study among Medicaid enrollees.Environment international · 2025Article
- Autism, Obesity, and PTSD Among Adolescents and Young Adults: An Analysis of National Medicaid Claims Data.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Neurodevelopmental and behavioural disorders after perioperative invasive mechanical ventilation in paediatric surgical admissions.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Linking Kawasaki Disease to Mental Health: A Nationwide Study on Long-Term Neurological Risks.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Prenatal exposure to psychotropics and analgesics on cognitive, linguistic and educational outcomes - a scoping review with focus on validity and reliability of outcome measures.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of heatwaves on emergency visits for major depression and suicidal ideation in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Association of maternal pre-existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and neonatal and long-term offspring outcomes: a nationwide mother-child paired cohort.Human reproduction open · 2025Article
- Occurrence of mosaic Down syndrome and prevalence of co-occurring conditions in Medicaid enrolled adults, 2016-2019.American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics · 2024Article
- Burden of status epilepticus: prognosis and cost driving factors, insight from a nationwide retrospective cohort study of the French health insurance database.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo validate healthcare claim-based algorithms for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in children using medical records as the reference.
methodsUsing a clinical data warehouse of patients receiving outpatient or inpatient care at two hospitals in Boston, we identified children (≤14 years between 2010 and 2014) with at least one of the following NDDs according to claims-based algorithms: autism spectrum disorder/pervasive developmental disorder (ASD), attention deficit disorder/other hyperkinetic syndromes of childhood (ADHD), learning disability, speech/language disorder, developmental coordination disorder (DCD), intellectual disability, and behavioral disorder. Fifty cases per outcome were randomly sampled and their medical records were independently reviewed by two physicians to adjudicate the outcome presence. Positive predictive values (PPVs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
resultsPPVs were 94% (95% CI, 83%-99%) for ASD, 88% (76%-95%) for ADHD, 98% (89%-100%) for learning disability, 98% (89%-100%) for speech/language disorder, 82% (69%-91%) for intellectual disability, and 92% (81%-98%) for behavioral disorder. A total of 19 of the 50 algorithm-based cases of DCD were confirmed as severe coordination disorders with functional impairment, with a PPV of 38% (25%-53%). Among the 31 false-positive cases of DCD were 7 children with coordination deficits that did not persist throughout childhood, 7 with visual-motor integration deficits, 12 with coordination issues due to an underlying medical condition and 5 with ADHD and at least one other severe NDD.
conclusionsPPVs were generally high (range: 82%-98%), suggesting that claims-based algorithms can be used to study NDDs. For DCD, additional criteria are needed to improve the classification of true cases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.