Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34622411›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2022

Spatial variability of outdoor exposure to radiofrequency radiation from mobile phone base stations, in Khartoum, Sudan.

Mohammed O A Mohammed, Ahmed A Elzaki, Babiker A Babiker, Omer I Eid

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Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mohammed O A MohammedFaculty of Public and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health & Environmental Studies, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan. mohammedosman@uofk.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7142-9395
Ahmed A ElzakiFaculty of Public and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health & Environmental Studies, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Babiker A BabikerFaculty of Public and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health & Environmental Studies, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Omer I EidFaculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The wide-spread exposure to constantly evolving wireless technologies believed to pose a serious health threat. Human beings are persistently exposed to RF radiation from mobile phones and their base stations. The current study aimed at classifying and characterizing the exposure to RF radiation from the mobile phone base stations. Spatial distribution measurements were carried out in Khartoum city during two time periods, first in 2012 (pilot survey) and again during Sept. 2019-Jan. 2020, to cover a total of 282 antennas operating with GSM900, GSM1800, and UMTS2100. The tested antennas belong to three mobile communication companies namely Sudani, Zain, and MTN companies, that randomly coded into company A, company B, and company C for security purposes. Measurements were performed using frequency-selective RF analyzer at fixed distances from the antennas/towers. Data were subjected to advanced repeated measures ANOVA, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and spatial interpolation with ArcGIS. The averages of GSM900, GSM1800, and UMTS measurements were 0.01933 W/m

Indexed as

Cell PhoneElectromagnetic FieldsCommunicationEnvironmental ExposureHumansRadio WavesSudanDiscriminant analysisGSMKriging interpolationPower densityRadiofrequencyUMTS2100

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.