SynthesisEnvironmental science and pollution research international2021
Antibiotic exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Famine Exposure during Early Life and Risk of Cancer in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of probiotics on glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double blind, controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Trial
- Dietary and nutritional strategies for reducing disease risk associated with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The effect of the administration form of antibiotic therapy on the gut microbiome in patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers - DFIATIM trial.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Implication of Gut Mycobiome and Virome in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: Uncovering the Hidden Players.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association between Antibiotic Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Article
- Chemical Compounds and Ambient Factors Affecting Pancreatic Alpha-Cells Mass and Function: What Evidence?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Response to Antibiotic exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Maryam et al. (2021) by J Zhou and K Chen (2021).Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Letter to the Editor: "Antibiotic exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis".Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To investigate the association between antibiotic exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Four electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, were searched for all relevant studies, from inception until May 2021, without restrictions. Pooled odds risk (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was applied to evaluate the effect value. Nine studies counting a total of 3,924,272 participants were assessed in the systematic review and meta-analyses. By meta-analysis using no antibiotic exposure as the reference, antibiotic exposure has a higher risk for T2DM (OR=1.16; 95% CI, 1.10-1.22). Subgroup analyses suggested that the antibiotic exposure could significantly enhance the risk of T2DM in those whose age were more than 50 (OR=1.17; 95% CI, 1.08-1.25). Further stratified analysis indicated that the association was likely attributed to the chemical structure of antibiotics, but not to antibacterial type and mechanism of action. Our results may further support the possibility that antibiotic use in recent years was associated with increased risk of T2DM. More attentions and cautions should be taken by the physicians when prescribing antibiotics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.