Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34622242›Full record

ReviewAtherosclerosis plus2021

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol: A marker of COVID-19 infection severity?

Aris P Agouridis, Antonia Pagkali, Elias Zintzaras, Evangelos C Rizos, Evangelia E Ntzani

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Atherosclerosis plus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Aris P AgouridisSchool of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Antonia PagkaliSchool of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Elias ZintzarasDepartment of Biomathematics, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Evangelos C RizosSchool of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Evangelia E NtzaniDepartment of Biomathematics, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
University of Thessaly · GREuropean University Cyprus · CY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsTo systematically address all the relevant evidence of the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and COVID-19 infection.

methodsWe searched PubMed, PubMed Central and medRxiv databases (up to May 2021) for studies related to HDL-C and COVID-19 infection. A qualitative synthesis of published prospective and retrospective studies for the role of low HDL-C levels on COVID-19 infection severity was performed.

resultsThirty-three studies (6 prospective, 27 retrospective) including 11,918 COVID-19 patients were eligible for the systematic review. Twelve studies compared HDL-C levels on admission in COVID-19 patients with healthy controls. In these 12 studies, COVID-19 patients had significantly lower HDL-C levels on admission compared with that of healthy controls. Twenty-eight studies observed the HDL-C levels among COVID-19 diagnosed patients, to establish the role of low HDL-C values in the prognosis of the infection. Twenty-four studies showed a correlation between low HDL-C levels with disease severity, while only 4 studies showed no association.

conclusionsLow HDL-C levels should be added in the list of the others well-known risk factors for COVID-19 severity.

Indexed as

COVID-19HDL-CHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolSARS-COV-2Severity

Identifiers

PMID34622242
PMCPMC8383482
OpenAlexW3194027293

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.