ReviewBritish journal of cancer2022
ESR1 mutations and therapeutic resistance in metastatic breast cancer: progress and remaining challenges.
Review in British journal of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of robotic, conventional, and endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Circulating Tumor DNA and Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Recent advances of dual PROTACs for potential therapeutic applications.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- Bridging Biomarker Testing to Biomarker-Driven Targeted Therapy: Real-World ESR1 Mutation Testing Patterns and Prevalence in ER+, HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Article
- The ESR1-MYH14 axis functions as a critical driver of cervical cancer progression and metastasis.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms underlying propagation of ferroptotic cell death.Nature cell biology · 2026Review
- Article
- A genome-wide Mendelian randomization study focusing on endoplasmic reticulum stress reveals novel genetic markers for renal cell carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Phylogeography of Bone Metastasis: Clonal Evolution, Skeletal Niche Adaptation, and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Molecular Classification, Diagnostics and Evolving Treatment Paradigms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Navigating first- and second-line treatment options in hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.The oncologist · 2026Review
- Review
- Integrating multi-omics and clinical management in breast cancer: a comprehensive review.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Necroptosis triggers inflammatory interferon signatures in patient-derived metastatic breast cancer organoids.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- TFRC promotes ferroptosis to suppress breast cancer bone metastasis via the activation of HIF-1 pathway.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Multidimensional single-cell analysis of the molecular characteristics and functional pathways of Regulatory T cells in the microenvironment of HR+ breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- The Complex Path from Mammary Ductal Hyperplasia to Breast Cancer: Elevated Malignancy Risk in Atypical Forms.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Causality between immune cells and HER2-breast cancer: A 2‑sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Recent Advances (2020-2025) in Estrogen and ER-Positive Breast Cancer: Receptor Signaling, Tumor Microenvironment, Endocrine Therapy Resistance and Innovative Treatment Strategies-A Comprehensive Review.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for 25% of the cancers in women worldwide. The most common subtype of breast cancer diagnosed is hormone receptor positive, which expresses the oestrogen receptor (ER). Targeting of the ER with endocrine therapy (ET) is the current standard of care for ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer, reducing the mortality by up to 40%. Resistance to ET, however, remains a major issue for ER + breast cancer, leading to recurrence and metastasis. One major driver of ET resistance is mutations in the ER gene (ESR1) leading to constitutive transcriptional activity and reduced ET sensitivity. These mutations are particularly detrimental in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) as they are present in as high as 36% of the patients. This review summarises the pre-clinical characterisation of ESR1 mutations and their association with clinical outcomes in MBC and primary disease. The clinically approved and investigational therapeutic options for ESR1 mutant breast cancer and the current clinical trials evaluating ESR1 mutations and ET resistance are also discussed. Finally, this review addresses pre-clinical models and multi-'omics' approaches for developing the next generation of therapeutics for ESR1 mutant and ET-resistant breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.