Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34620973›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Incidence, causes and consequences of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury as determined by Abbreviated Injury Score in the Netherlands.

Denise Jochems, Eveline van Rein, Menco Niemeijer, Mark van Heijl, Michael A van Es, Tanja Nijboer, Luke P H Leenen, R Marijn Houwert, Karlijn J P van Wessem

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Timing of fracture fixation for femur and pelvis fractures in patients with severe traumatic brain injury - an analysis of the TraumaRegister DGUEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. The severely injured older patient: identifying patients at high risk for mortality using the Dutch National Trauma Registry.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Concepts, utilization, and perspectives on the Dutch Nationwide Trauma registry: a position paper.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Denise JochemsDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. d.jochems-3@umcutrecht.nl.
Eveline van ReinDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Menco NiemeijerDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Mark van HeijlDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Michael A van EsDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht and de Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Tanja NijboerDepartment of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Luke P H LeenenDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
R Marijn HouwertDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Karlijn J P van WessemDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Epidemiology seems to be changing. TBIs are increasingly caused by falls amongst elderly, whilst we see less polytrauma due to road traffic accidents (RTA). Data on epidemiology is essential to target prevention strategies. A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted. The Dutch National Trauma Database was used to identify all patients over 17 years old who were admitted to a hospital with moderate and severe TBI (AIS ≥ 3) in the Netherlands from January 2015 until December 2017. Subgroup analyses were done for the elderly and polytrauma patients. 12,295 patients were included in this study. The incidence of moderate and severe TBI was 30/100.000 person-years, 13% of whom died. Median age was 65 years and falls were the most common trauma mechanism, followed by RTAs. Amongst elderly, RTAs consisted mostly of bicycle accidents. Mortality rates were higher for elderly (18%) and polytrauma patients (24%). In this national database more elderly patients who most often sustained the injury due to a fall or an RTA were seen. Bicycle accidents were very frequent, suggesting prevention could be an important aspect in order to decrease morbidity and mortality.

Indexed as

Accidental FallsAccidents, TrafficAgedAged, 80 and overBrain Injuries, TraumaticCohort StudiesFemaleHospitalizationHumansIncidenceInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedMultiple TraumaNetherlandsRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID34620973
PMCPMC8497630

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.