Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34620221›Full record

ArticleClinical epigenetics2021

Diagnosis of pulmonary nodules by DNA methylation analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids.

Lei Li, Zhujia Ye, Sai Yang, Hao Yang, Jing Jin, Yingying Zhu, Jinsheng Tao, Siyu Chen, Jiehan Xu, Yanying Liu and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Methylation-regulated tumor suppressor geneTranslational cancer research · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Lei Li *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Zhujia Ye *AnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Sai Yang *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Hao YangAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Jing JinDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Yingying ZhuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Jinsheng TaoAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Siyu ChenAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Jiehan XuAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Yanying LiuAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Weihe LiangAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Bo WangAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China.
Mengzhu YangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Qiaoyun HuangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Zhiwei ChenAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China. zhiwei_chen@anchordx.com.
Weimin LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. weimi003@scu.edu.cn.
Jian-Bing FanAnchorDx. Medical Co., Ltd. Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, Guangdong, China. jianbingfan1115@smu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-7852-8097
Dan LiuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. edifier0617@gmail.com.
Sichuan University · CNGuangzhou Experimental Station · CNRex Medical (United States) · US

Funding

cams innovation fund for medical science 2019TX310002chengdu science and technology program projects 2017-CY02-00017-GXnational natural science foundation of china 81871890national natural science foundation of china 91859203scheme of guangzhou economic and technological development district for leading talents in innovation and entrepreneurship grant 2017-L152scheme of guangzhou for leading talents in innovation and entrepreneurship grant 2016007scheme of guangzhou for leading team in innovation grant 201909010010science and technology planning project of guangdong province grant 2017B020226005sichuan international / hong kong, macao and taiwan science and technology innovation cooperation project 2018hh0161sichuan science and technology program 18ZDYF2174sichuan science and technology program 2019YFS0339
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The alteration of DNA methylation plays a major role in the development of lung cancer. Methylation biomarkers become a possible method for lung cancer diagnosis.

resultsWe identified eleven lung cancer-specific methylation markers (CDO1, GSHR, HOXA11, HOXB4-1, HOXB4-2, HOXB4-3, HOXB4-4, LHX9, MIR196A1, PTGER4-1, and PTGER4-2), which could differentiate benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. The methylation levels of these markers are significantly higher in malignant tissues. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, the methylation signals maintain the same differential trend as in tissues. An optimal 5-marker model for pulmonary nodule diagnosis (malignant vs. benign) was developed from all possible combinations of the eleven markers. In the test set (57 tissue and 71 BALF samples), the area under curve (AUC) value achieves 0.93, and the overall sensitivity is 82% at the specificity of 91%. In an independent validation set (111 BALF samples), the AUC is 0.82 with a specificity of 82% and a sensitivity of 70%.

conclusionsThis model can differentiate pulmonary adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from benign diseases, especially for infection, inflammation, and tuberculosis. The model's performance is not affected by gender, age, smoking history, or the solid components of nodules.

Indexed as

AgedBiomarkers, TumorBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidDNA MethylationFemaleHumansLungMaleMiddle AgedMultiple Pulmonary NodulesBiomarkers, TumorBronchoalveolar lavage fluidDiagnosisMethylation markersPulmonary nodules

Identifiers

PMID34620221
PMCPMC8499516
OpenAlexW3202303971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.