ArticleBlood advances2021
Association of race and ethnicity with clinical phenotype, genetics, and survival in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.
Article in Blood advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal prenatal infection and childhood leukaemia: a Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC) meta-analysis.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Cytarabine Pharmacogenomics and Outcomes Among Children and Young Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Pharmacogenomics, Race, and Treatment Outcome in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Race and Ethnicity and Overall Survival in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Clinical profiling of AML1::ETO and KIT exon 17 mutation in pediatric AML by high-throughput drug sensitivity.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities impact the cytological and clinical behavior of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: a case-control study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Real-world generalizability of clinical trial cytomolecular risk in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the REAL-AML cohort.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Article
- Epigenetic dysregulation and therapeutic targeting of RET receptor tyrosine kinase in high-risk KMT2A-rearranged acute myeloid leukaemia.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- Article
- A Novel Approach to Prognostic Factors and Risk Stratification in Pediatric AML: Case Report and Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of neighborhood archetypes on overall mortality among young patients with acute leukemia in California.Cancer · 2025Article
- Molecular genetics profiling of core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia in pediatrics.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2025Review
- A Review of Limbic System-Associated Membrane Protein in Tumorigenesis.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The American Society of Hematology Health Equity Compendium: examining health equity across the Blood journals.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in acuity of presentation among children with newly diagnosed acute leukemia.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2024Article
- Comprehensive characterization of patient-derived xenograft models of pediatric leukemia.iScience · 2023Article
- Real-World Data Showing Trends and Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2023Observational
- Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections?PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- High early death rates, treatment resistance, and short survival of Black adolescents and young adults with AML.Blood advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Black and Hispanic children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have worse outcomes compared with White children. AML is a heterogeneous disease with numerous genetic subtypes in which these disparities have not been specifically investigated. In this study, we used the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database to examine the association of race-ethnicity with leukemia cytogenetics, clinical features, and survival outcomes within major cytogenetic subgroups of pediatric AML. Compared with White non-Hispanic patients, t(8;21) AML was more prevalent among Black (odds ratio [OR], 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-3.74) and Hispanic patients (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.05-2.83). The poor prognosis KMT2A rearrangement t(6;11)(q27;q23) was more prevalent among Black patients (OR, 6.12; 95% CI, 1.81-21.59). Among those with KMT2Ar AML, Black race was associated with inferior event-free survival (EFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.31; 95% CI, 1.41-3.79) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 2.54; 1.43-4.51). Hispanic patients with KMT2Ar AML also had inferior EFS (HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.27-3.80) and OS (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.09-3.93). Similarly, among patients with t(8;21) or inv(16) AML (ie, core-binding factor [CBF] AML), Black patients had inferior outcomes (EFS HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.14-3.28 and OS HR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.60-6.57). This disparity was not detected among patients receiving gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO). In conclusion, racial-ethnic disparities in survival outcomes among young people with AML are prominent and vary across cytogenetic subclasses. Future studies should explore the socioeconomic and biologic determinants of these disparities.
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