ArticleThe Science of the total environment2022
Defining biological and biophysical properties of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in wastewater.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Remotely Controlled Continuous Surveillance of Viral RNA in Wastewater Using a LoRa Network.IEEE internet of things journal · 2026Article
- Peptide Probe-Based NanoLC-MS/MS PRM for Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins in Environmental Samples.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Crykey: Rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 cryptic mutations in wastewater.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Persistence of human respiratory viral RNA in wastewater-settled solids.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Wastewater Surveillance for Identifying SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Long-Term Care Facilities, Kentucky, USA, 2021-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Quantitatively assessing early detection strategies for mitigating COVID-19 and future pandemics.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Crykey: Rapid Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Cryptic Mutations in Wastewater.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Quantitatively assessing early detection strategies for mitigating COVID-19 and future pandemics.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Zika virus RNA persistence and recovery in water and wastewater: An approach for Zika virus surveillance in resource-constrained settings.Water research · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Contamination routes, detection methods, persistence and removal in wastewater treatment plants.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Stabilization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater via rapid RNA extraction.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- A wastewater-based risk index for SARS-CoV-2 infections among three cities on the Canadian Prairie.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Patterns of SARS-CoV-2 circulation revealed by a nationwide sewage surveillance programme, the Netherlands, August 2020 to February 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Article
- Short-term stability of wastewater samples for storage and shipment in the context of the EU Sewage Sentinel System for SARS-CoV-2.Journal of environmental chemical engineering · 2023Article
- Evaluation of intra- and inter-lab variability in quantifying SARS-CoV-2 in a state-wide wastewater monitoring network.Environmental science : water research & technology · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Norway rats (bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Methods and Processes for Robust Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 genetic material has been detected in raw wastewater around the world throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and has served as a useful tool for monitoring community levels of SARS-CoV-2 infections. SARS-CoV-2 genetic material is highly detectable in a patient's feces and the household wastewater for several days before and after a positive COVID-19 qPCR test from throat or sputum samples. Here, we characterize genetic material collected from raw wastewater samples and determine recovery efficiency during a concentration process. We find that pasteurization of raw wastewater samples did not reduce SARS-CoV-2 signal if RNA is extracted immediately after pasteurization. On the contrary, we find that signal decreased by approximately half when RNA was extracted 24-36 h post-pasteurization and ~90% when freeze-thawed prior to concentration. As a matrix control, we use an engineered enveloped RNA virus. Surprisingly, after concentration, the recovery of SARS-CoV-2 signal is consistently higher than the recovery of the control virus leading us to question the nature of the SARS-CoV-2 genetic material detected in wastewater. We see no significant difference in signal after different 24-hour temperature changes; however, treatment with detergent decreases signal ~100-fold. Furthermore, the density of the samples is comparable to enveloped retrovirus particles, yet, interestingly, when raw wastewater samples were used to inoculate cells, no cytopathic effects were seen indicating that wastewater samples do not contain infectious SARS-CoV-2. Together, this suggests that wastewater contains fully intact enveloped particles.
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