ReviewThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2021
COVID-19 and metabolic disease: mechanisms and clinical management.
Review in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of new-onset diabetes following COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- The crucial role and mechanism of insulin resistance in metabolic disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2022Pooled it
- Association of COVID-19 with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Dyslipidaemia as Sequelae of COVID-19 Infection-Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- A randomized phase 2 study on demeclocycline in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Brain corticogenesis promotes SARS-CoV-2 neuro-glial tropism through lipid-dependent viral replication.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- CT-adipose measures identify severe SARS-CoV-2 risk beyond traditional obesity metrics: a C4R cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Elevated Risk of Acute Urine Retention in Patients with Symptomatic Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study from TriNetX.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Post-Acute Dyslipidemia and Abnormal Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents with COVID-19: A Cohort Study from the RECOVER Initiative.The Journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Targeting Insulin Resistance Through Nutrition: Pathophysiological Insights and Dietary Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- COVID-19 and metabolic health: Lessons from a global pandemic.Metabolism open · 2026Article
- Main Protease From SARS-CoV-2 Dysregulates Glucose Handling in the C2C12 Cell Line In Vitro: A Mechanistic Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Blood Glucose and Hemoglobin A1c Trends Pre-, During, and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic in an Urban Population.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Mystery: COVID-19 and Diabetic Complications - A Journey from Pathophysiology to Treatment.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
- Hyperinflammation by Human Macrophages Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike IgG Is Dependent on Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Diabetes and natural and man-made disasters: prevention, preparation, response and recovery.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
36 authors at 20 institutions in 19 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Up to 50% of the people who have died from COVID-19 had metabolic and vascular disorders. Notably, there are many direct links between COVID-19 and the metabolic and endocrine systems. Thus, not only are patients with metabolic dysfunction (eg, obesity, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes) at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 but also infection with SARS-CoV-2 might lead to new-onset diabetes or aggravation of pre-existing metabolic disorders. In this Review, we provide an update on the mechanisms of how metabolic and endocrine disorders might predispose patients to develop severe COVID-19. Additionally, we update the practical recommendations and management of patients with COVID-19 and post-pandemic. Furthermore, we summarise new treatment options for patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes, and highlight current challenges in clinical management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.